Update climate strings for consistent names and descriptions

[NoRi2909]

Fix the current naming and description of the set_temperature action and its different data attributes.

Currently the names are inconsistent with the defined attributes of a climate device and the descriptions don't add any information as they just repeat the names in a different word order.

In addition it adds "operation" to the preset mode explanations to make them consistent with all other mode actions.

Proposed change

Bring the descriptions of the set_temperature action and its data attributes to the usual level.
Better align them with the online documentation.
Remove several inconsistencies.

Type of change

• Dependency upgrade
• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New integration (thank you!)
• New feature (which adds functionality to an existing integration)
• Deprecation (breaking change to happen in the future)
• Breaking change (fix/feature causing existing functionality to break)
• Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests

Additional information

• This PR fixes or closes issue: fixes Climate: Improve descriptions of target temperatures in set_temperature action #130762
• This PR is related to issue:
• Link to documentation pull request:

Checklist

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Local tests pass. Your PR cannot be merged unless tests pass
• There is no commented out code in this PR.
• I have followed the development checklist
• I have followed the perfect PR recommendations
• The code has been formatted using Ruff (ruff format homeassistant tests)
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works.

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated for www.home-assistant.io

If the code communicates with devices, web services, or third-party tools:

• The manifest file has all fields filled out correctly.
  Updated and included derived files by running: python3 -m script.hassfest.
• New or updated dependencies have been added to requirements_all.txt.
  Updated by running python3 -m script.gen_requirements_all.
• For the updated dependencies - a link to the changelog, or at minimum a diff between library versions is added to the PR description.

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• I have reviewed two other open pull requests in this repository.

[home-assistant]

Hey there @home-assistant/core, mind taking a look at this pull request as it has been labeled with an integration (climate) you are listed as a code owner for? Thanks!

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[home-assistant]

Please take a look at the requested changes, and use the Ready for review button when you are done, thanks 👍

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[frenck]

Not all requested changes have been processed. Resetting the review status back to: Requested changes.

[frenck]

Thanks, @NoRi2909 👍

../Frenck