initializer: add cryptsetup subcommand

[jmxnzo]

This PR translates the bash entrypoint currently used for setting up an encrypted volume with cryptsetup to a cryptsetup subcommand in the initializer binary, which takes the device path and the required mount point as flags.

• adds wrapper functions of the following commands of the cryptsetup executable: cryptsetup open, isLuks, luksFormat
• setupEncryptedMount function reimplements the current bash entrypoint of initializer/cryptsetup: rework bash entrypoint #1140 as a go function
• introduces new cryptsetup Cobra subcommand to the initializer command, wrapping the setupEncryptedMount function -- follow-up on initializer: add Cobra for subcommands #1157
• const workloadSecretPath is shared between initializer main.go and mount.go

The shared code of mounting mechanisms between the coordinator and initializer was moved to internal/mount in #1163 .

e2e volumestatefulset: https://github.com/edgelesssys/contrast/actions/runs/13008716710/job/36281340998

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2025-01-28 11:43 UTC

All requests are addressed.