Page about staking from the consumer perspective

docs/using/staking.md

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+---
+title: Staking
+authors: "Tim McMackin"
+last_update:
+  date: 20 December 2024
+---
+
+Staking is the process of temporarily locking tez on the Tezos platform in exchange for rewards.
+Staked tez stays in the staker's account, but the staker cannot transfer (or spend) that tez.
+Stakers can unstake the tez at any time, which makes them spendable again after a delay.
+Staking is an important part of running the Tezos protocol and keeping the blockchain secure, so this is why stakers earn rewards proportional to the locked funds.
+
+Two main groups stake on Tezos:
+
+- Bakers, the creators of new blocks in Tezos, must stake 6,000 tez to receive the right to "bake" blocks and to receive rewards for baking those blocks.
+Their staked tez ensures that they bake correctly, because part of their stake is taken ("slashed") if they misbehave.
+For more information about staking for baking purposes, see [Baking](/architecture/bakers).
+
+- Any Tezos user can stake tez with a baker and earn rewards for them.
+In exchange for staking tez with a baker, users automatically receive a portion of the baker's rewards in proportion to how much they stake.
+Users can stake any amount of tez, but there is a limit to how much staked tez a single baker can accept, and bakers must opt in to allow users to stake with them.
+
+Staking has some similarities to the concept of a Smart Rollup bond, but there are important differences; see [Bonds](/architecture/smart-rollups#bonds).
+
+## Staking as a Tezos user
+
+The process of user staking has these main steps:
+
+1. The user selects a baker as a delegate for their account.
+As described in [Delegating to a baker](/architecture/bakers#delegating-to-a-baker), delegating tez to a baker puts that tez toward the baker's voting and baking power.
+Delegating incurs no risk to the user; the user retains full control of the tez, they can spend it at any time, and they are not punished if the baker misbehaves.
+
+1. The user stakes tez with the baker.
+Staking the tez locks it temporarily, but the tez stays in the user's account.
+However, if the baker misbehaves, their punishment also affects tez staked with them, so it's important to choose a responsible baker.
+
+1. The user leaves their tez staked for as long as they want.
+During this time the rewards are added to their account automatically.
+
+THe process of unstaking has these main steps:
+
+1. When the user wants to stop staking, they decrease the amount that they have staked or unstake all of their staked tez.
+
+1. After a delay of about 10 days, the tez are unfrozen in their account and the user can use that tez as usual.
+
+## How to stake
+
+The easiest way to stake is to use the staking web application at https://stake.tezos.com, which walks you through the process.
+
+:::warning
+
+Make sure that you are staking at the right URL (stake.tezos.com).
+As with all decentralized applications, do not trust unknown sites asking you to sign transactions and never give your private seed phrase to anyone.
+
+:::
+
+1. Make sure you have tez tokens in a supported Tezos wallet, such as [Kukai](https://wallet.kukai.app/), [Temple](https://templewallet.com/), [Trust Wallet](https://trustwallet.com/), or [Umami Wallet](https://umamiwallet.com/).
+
+1. Go to https://stake.tezos.com in a web browser.
+
+1. Click **Connect your wallet**, select your wallet, and accept the connection in your wallet app.
+The staking app shows your account balance and how much you have staked.
+
+   <img src="/img/using/staking-current-balance.png" alt="The wallet app, showing an account with 100 tez and 0 tez staked" style={{width: 500}} />
+
+1. Click **Select Baker** and select a baker to delegate and stake to.
+
+   To choose a baker, you can look up bakers in a block explorer by their addresses.
+   For example, the block explorer tzkt.io has information on bakers at https://tzkt.io/bakers.
+   This page shows information about staking and delegating with each baker, including the fees they charge and their capacity.
+
+   Before choosing a baker, look at the fees they charge and ensure that they have enough free space for the amount of tez you intend to stake.
+   For example, the bakers in this picture all have free space for staking:
+
+   <img alt="The TzKT block explorer, showing bakers with different capacities for staking" src="/img/using/staking-capacity.png" style={{width: 500}} />
+
+1. On the Select Baker page, select the baker.
+
+   The application prompts you to delegate your account to that baker, as in this screenshot:
+
+   <img alt="Delegating to the baker" src="/img/using/staking-delegating.png" style={{width: 500}} />
+
+1. Click **Delegate** and approve the operation in your wallet to delegate to that baker.
+It may take a few seconds for the operation to be final.
+
+   Now the web application shows that your account is delegated to the baker, as in this screenshot:
+
+   <img alt="Account information, showing that the account is delegated" src="/img/using/staking-delegated-account.png" style={{width: 500}} />
+
+1. Click **Stake** and confirm the terms of use for the staking application.
+
+1. Specify the amount to stake.
+
+   :::note
+
+   Don't stake all of the tez in the account; you need some liquid tez to pay transaction fees.
+   For this transaction, the application deducts the transaction fee from the amount that you stake.
+   However, you will need liquid, unstaked tez later to unstake the tez.
+
+   :::
+
+   <img alt="Setting 50 tez to stake" src="/img/using/staking-amount.png" style={{width: 500}} />
+
+1. When you have selected the amount to stake, click **Stake** and approve the operation in your wallet to stake that amount.
+This operation may also take a few seconds.
+
+When the staking operation is complete, a confirmation page shows how much you have staked and provides a link to tzkt.io that you can use to see information about your account.
+The web application also shows the current status of your account, as in this screenshot:
+
+<img alt="The information page showing the staked amount" src="/img/using/staking-status-complete.png" style={{width: 500}} />
+
+## How to unstake
+
+You can unstake any amount of staked tez at any time, but you must wait for the 10-day delay before you can finalize the unstake operation.
+
+1. Go to https://stake.tezos.com in a web browser and connect your wallet.
+
+1. Click **Unstake**, read the notice about the delay, and click **I Understand**.
+
+1. Select the amount to unstake, up to the total amount that is currently staked, as in this screenshot:
+
+   <img alt="Selecting the amount to unstake" src="/img/using/staking-unstaking-amount.png" style={{width: 500}} />
+
+1. Click **Unstake** and confirm the transaction in your wallet.
+When the unstaking operation is complete, a confirmation page shows how much you have unstaked and provides a link to tzkt.io that you can use to see information about your account.
+
+   Then, the application shows the pending unstake request and the cycle in which you can finalize the request, as in this screenshot:
+
+   <img alt="Pending unstake request" src="/img/using/staking-unstaking-pending.png" style={{width: 500}} />
+
+1. Wait until the unstake request is ready to be finalized.
+You can see the current cycle and the time to the next cycle on block explorers such as https://tzkt.io.
+
+   When the request is ready to be finalized, the application shows a **Finalize** button next to it:
+
+   <img alt="Ready unstake request" src="/img/using/staking-unstaking-ready.png" style={{width: 500}} />
+
+1. To finalize the unstaking request, click **Finalize**, click **Finalize** again in the pop-up window, and confirm the transaction in your wallet.
+The application shows a confirmation message.
+
+Now the application shows your liquid balance and any tez that remain staked.
+
+## Viewing your rewards
+
+The Tezos protocol distributes staking rewards automatically, without requiring any manual action.
+To see them, look up your account on a block explorer such as [TzKT](https://tzkt.io).
+
+## More information
+
+For more information about the staking web application and the process of staking from the Tezos user perspective, see the blog post [How to stake your tez and earn 2x rewards](https://spotlight.tezos.com/how-to-stake/).

sidebars.js

@@ -14,6 +14,21 @@ const sidebars = {
         'overview/resources',
       ],
     },
+    {
+      type: 'category',
+      label: 'Using Tezos',
+      // link: {
+      //   id: 'using',
+      //   type: 'doc',
+      // },
+      items: [
+        // 'using/user-accounts',
+        // 'using/wallets',
+        // 'using/dapps',
+        // 'using/transactions',
+        'using/staking',
+      ],
+    },
     {
       type: 'category',
       label: 'Architecture',