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Corrections for msg mode cookbook #942

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Corrections for msg mode cookbook #942

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Update message-modes-cookbook.mdx
memearchivarius Jan 30, 2025
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Update message-modes-cookbook.mdx
memearchivarius Feb 4, 2025
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44 changes: 23 additions & 21 deletions .../v3/documentation/smart-contracts/message-management/message-modes-cookbook.mdx
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Expand Up @@ -9,14 +9,16 @@ You can check [this example](https://testnet.tonviewer.com/transaction/42ed45726

#### Message value and account balance

Please check how [get_balance](/v3/documentation/smart-contracts/func/docs/stdlib/#get_balance) works to better understand the transaction state.
Please check how [get_balance](/v3/documentation/smart-contracts/func/docs/stdlib/#get_balance) works to better understand `balance` inside TVM.

There are two ways to pay for blockchain action:
All TON tokens owned by a contract are reflected in the [contract balance](https://github.com/ton-blockchain/ton/blob/7151ff26279fef6dcfa1f47fc0c5b63677ae2458/crypto/block/block.tlb#L263C1-L265C20). Some of these tokens are also attributed to the currently processed incoming [message](/v3/documentation/data-formats/tlb/msg-tlb#commonmsginfo) - a mechanism that works effectively because any TON transaction involving a [non-system contract](/v3/documentation/smart-contracts/contracts-specs/governance) processes exactly one incoming message at a time.

- From the [message value](/v3/documentation/data-formats/tlb/msg-tlb#commonmsginfo)
- From the [contract balance](https://github.com/ton-blockchain/ton/blob/7151ff26279fef6dcfa1f47fc0c5b63677ae2458/crypto/block/block.tlb#L263C1-L265C20)
Therefore, any blockchain payment may come either:

Typically, it is charged from the contract `balance`, but in specific cases, it will use part of the message `value`.
- From the incoming message `value`.
For instance, computation fees are paid in this way, unless contract calls [accept_message](v3/documentation/smart-contracts/transaction-fees/accept-message-effects). This ensures that malicious actors cannot spend contract's balance on handling their data.
- From the contract `balance` (will not touch amount of TON designated as incoming this transaction).
Storage fees in workchains 0 and -1, as well as most actions, are currently examples of this.

#### Fees

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -49,13 +51,14 @@ The table is populated based on [this example](https://tonviewer.com/transaction

:::info
The transaction fees used in these examples are hypothetical and are for illustrative purposes only. Any fees other than message forwarding are out of scope of this article.
Funds included with an ignored message will still be [credited to the receiving address](https://testnet.tonviewer.com/transaction/8a388731812c80ab9b0ea9531108425488af5def854e4bd6f0ed47362b56d557).
:::

## 1. Send a regular message

State before transaction: Account A has 1 TON, Account B has 1 TON

**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B**, [msg_fwd_fees](/v3/documentation/smart-contracts/transaction-fees/fees-low-level#forward-fees) are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.096 TON, `fwd_fee` and `action_fee` deducted from `value`.
**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B**, [msg_fwd_fees](/v3/documentation/smart-contracts/transaction-fees/fees-low-level#forward-fees) are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.096 TON, `fwd_fee` and `action_fee` are deducted from `value`.

State after transaction: Account A has 0.9 TON, Account B has 1.096 TON

Expand All @@ -69,13 +72,12 @@ State after transaction: Account A has 0.9 TON, Account B has 1.096 TON

State before transaction: Account A has 1 TON, Account B has 1 TON

**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B**, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.096 TON, `fwd_fee` and `action_fee` deducted from `value`.
In case of an error during transaction processing, the message will not bounce and will be ignored.
**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B**, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.096 TON, `fwd_fee` and `action_fee` are deducted from `value`.
In case of an error during [action phase](/v3/documentation/smart-contracts/message-management/sending-messages#message-modes), the message will be skipped instead of throwing an [exit code](/v3/documentation/tvm/tvm-exit-codes#standard-exit-codes).

State after transaction: Account A has 0.9 TON, Account B has 1.096 TON

:::info tip
Funds included with an ignored message will still be [credited to the receiving address](https://testnet.tonviewer.com/transaction/8a388731812c80ab9b0ea9531108425488af5def854e4bd6f0ed47362b56d557).
If no errors occur, the result is the same as [`mode = 0`](#1-send-a-regular-message).
:::

Expand All @@ -89,7 +91,7 @@ If no errors occur, the result is the same as [`mode = 0`](#1-send-a-regular-mes

State before transaction: Account A has 1 TON, Account B has 1 TON

**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B**, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.096 TON, `fwd_fee` and `action_fee` deducted from `value`.
**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B**, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.096 TON, `fwd_fee` and `action_fee` are deducted from `value`.
In case of an error during [action phase](https://retracer.ton.org/?tx=e9dccba82badc0d742f14eff41c203280f380e87180b5314fcfd742856e598f7&testnet=true), the message will bounce and `total_fee` + `fwd_fee` will be deducted from `value`.

State after transaction with error: Account A has 1 - ([total_fee](/v3/documentation/smart-contracts/transaction-fees/fees#basic-fees-formula) + `fwd_fee`) TON, Account B has 1 TON
Expand All @@ -110,7 +112,7 @@ If no errors occur the result is the same as [`mode = 0`](#1-send-a-regular-mess

State before the transaction: Account A has 1 TON, Account B has 1 TON

**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B**, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.1 TON, `fwd_fee` and `action_fee` deducted from `balance`.
**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B**, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.1 TON, `fwd_fee` and `action_fee` are deducted from `balance`.

State after the transaction: Account A has 0.896 TON, Account B has 1.1 TON

Expand All @@ -124,7 +126,7 @@ State after the transaction: Account A has 0.896 TON, Account B has 1.1 TON

State before the transaction: Account A has 1 TON, Account B has 1 TON

**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B**, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.1 TON, `fwd_fee` and `action_fee` deducted from `balance`.
**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B**, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.1 TON, `fwd_fee` and `action_fee` are deducted from `balance`.
In case of an error [during action phase](https://retracer.ton.org/?tx=e9dccba82badc0d742f14eff41c203280f380e87180b5314fcfd742856e598f7&testnet=true), the message will bounce and `total_fee` + `fwd_fee` will be deducted from `value`.

State after the transaction with an error: Account A has 1 - ([total_fee](/v3/documentation/smart-contracts/transaction-fees/fees#basic-fees-formula) + `fwd_fee`) TON, Account B has 1 TON
Expand All @@ -145,12 +147,12 @@ If no errors occur the result is the same as [`mode = 1`](#4-send-a-regular-mess

State before the transaction: Account A has 1 TON, Account B has 1 TON, Account C has 1 TON

**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B** after that **B** sent 0.5 TON to **C** with `mode` = 64, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received `value` will be 0.6 TON, total_fee + `fwd_fee` deducted from `value`.
**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B** after that **B** sent 0.5 TON to **C** with `mode` = 64, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received `value` will be 0.6 TON, total_fee + `fwd_fee` are deducted from `value`.

State after the transaction: Account A has 0.896 TON, Account B has 0.5 TON, Account C has 1.6 - (total_fee + `fwd_fee`) TON

:::info
You might check [this example](https://retracer.ton.org/?tx=4340b5ecbd83227cc64e10b1ca7628352133cda1d608081fb2ed58d299f00936&testnet=true).
You might check [this example](https://testnet.tonviewer.com/transaction/f63ab35f34e342cdd249f13018d5034ce3d80c488628d5a4db0a43163fa50adb).
Please note that `storage_fee` is included in `total_fee` but it is always paid from contract `balance`.
:::

Expand All @@ -170,12 +172,12 @@ If you try to send multiple messages (i.e. mode 0 **and** mode 64) you'll get ex

State before the transaction: Account A has 1 TON, Account B has 1 TON, Account C has 1 TON

**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B** after that **B** sent 0.5 TON to **C** with `mode` = 65, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.6 TON, total_fee + `fwd_fee` deducted from `balance`.
**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B** after that **B** sent 0.5 TON to **C** with `mode` = 65, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.6 TON, total_fee + `fwd_fee` are deducted from `balance`.

State after the transaction: Account A has 0.896 TON, Account B has 0.5 - (total_fee + `fwd_fee`) TON, Account C has 1.6 TON

:::info
You might check [this example](https://retracer.ton.org/?tx=5c2525feeb3b93db594b7b11f3250430f02dd8616595cf2b1583ebc7da79d15b&testnet=true).
You might check [this example](https://testnet.tonviewer.com/transaction/ad93e784453b573d737d9d928b4377ff3779177753e05629e54f6629556568ad).
Please note that `storage_fee` is included in `total_fee` but it is always paid from contract `balance`.
:::

Expand All @@ -189,7 +191,7 @@ Please note that `storage_fee` is included in `total_fee` but it is always paid

State before the transaction: Account A has 1 TON, Account B has 1 TON, Account C has 1 TON

**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B** after that **B** sent 0.5 TON to **C** with `mode` = 80, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.6 TON, total_fee + `fwd_fee` deducted from `value`.
**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B** after that **B** sent 0.5 TON to **C** with `mode` = 80, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.6 TON, total_fee + `fwd_fee` are deducted from `value`.
In case of an error during the action phase, the message will bounce and `total_fee` + `fwd_fee` will be deducted from `value`.

State after the transaction with an error: Account A has 1 - (total_fee + `fwd_fee`) TON, Account B has 1 TON, Account C has 1 TON
Expand All @@ -210,8 +212,8 @@ If no errors occur the result is the same as [`mode = 64`](#6-carry-remaining-va

State before the transaction: Account A has 1 TON, Account B has 1 TON, Account C has 1 TON

**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B** after that **B** sent 0.5 TON to **C** with `mode` = 80, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.6 TON, total_fee + `fwd_fee` deducted from `balance`.
In case of an error during the action phase, the message will bounce and `total_fee` + `fwd_fee` will be deducted from `value`.
**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B** after that **B** sent 0.5 TON to **C** with `mode` = 81, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 0.6 TON, total_fee + `fwd_fee` are deducted from `balance`.
In case of an error during the action phase, the message will bounce and `total_fee` + `fwd_fee` will be are deducted from `value`.

State after transaction with an error: Account A has 1 - (total_fee + `fwd_fee`) TON, Account B has 1 TON, Account C has 1 TON

Expand All @@ -231,7 +233,7 @@ If no errors occur the result is the same as [`mode = 65`](#7-carry-remaining-va

State before the transaction: Account A has 1 TON, Account B has 1 TON, Account C has 1 TON

**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B** after that **B** sent 0.5 TON to **C** with `mode` = 128, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 1.1 - total_fee TON, total_fee deducted from `value`.
**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B** after that **B** sent 0.5 TON to **C** with `mode` = 128, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 1.1 - total_fee TON, total_fee is deducted from `value`.

State after the transaction: Account A has 0.896 TON, Account B has 0 TON, Account C has 2.1 - (total_fee + `fwd_fee`) TON

Expand All @@ -245,7 +247,7 @@ State after the transaction: Account A has 0.896 TON, Account B has 0 TON, Accou

State before the transaction: Account A has 1 TON, Account B has 1 TON, Account C has 1 TON

**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B** after that **B** sent 0.5 TON to **C** with `mode` = 144, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 1.1 - total_fee TON, total_fee deducted from `value`.
**A** sent 0.1 TON to **B** after that **B** sent 0.5 TON to **C** with `mode` = 144, `msg_fwd_fees` are 0.004 TON, actual received value will be 1.1 - total_fee TON, total_fee is deducted from `value`.

State after the transaction with an error: Account A has 1 - (total_fee + `fwd_fee`) TON, Account B has 1 TON, Account C has 1 TON

Expand Down
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