Final student

contents/overview/about/about.md

@@ -12,24 +12,24 @@ The exhibition consists of original prints of the river maps from different peri
 This atlas navigates some clues about the types of challenges that may be faced in the near future, and how to identify the complex web of relationships they would be entangled in and the arsenal of tools that may be available for acting on them.
 
 Contributions by:
-- Chen Chaomin (CN)
-- Nicolaos Charalambous (CY)
-- Sneha Gireesh (IN)
-- Thomas Gkikas (GR)
-- Ujal Gorchu (AZ)
-- Eliott Moreau (FR/US)
-- Ana Nuno De Buen (MX/ES)
-- Kelly Olinger (US)
-- Maria Stergiou (GR)
-- Lenneke Slangen (NL)
-- Yuhe Tan (CN)
-- Felix Verheyden (BE)
-- Nien Heng Yang (TW)
-- Han Yang (CN)
+Nicolaos Charalambous (CY)
+Chaomin Chen (CN)
+Sneha Gireesh (IN)
+Thomas Gkikas (GR)
+Ujal Gorchu (AZ)
+Eliott Moreau (FR)
+Ana Nuño De Buen (MX)
+Kelly Olinger (US)
+Maria Stergiou (GR)
+Lenneke Slangen (NL)
+Yuhe Tan (CN)
+Felix Verheyden (BE)
+Nien Heng Yang (TW)
+Han Yang (CN)
 
 Course led by Sanne van den Breemer with Juan Benavides and Benjamin Groothuijse.
 
-With special thanks to Robbert de Koning, Ilmar Hurkxkens, Fransje Hooimeijer, Reinout Klaarenbeek, Mathilde Maijer, Tom MacWright, Jules Schoonman, Bert Spaan and  The Gelders Archive.
+With special thanks to Robbert de Koning, Ilmar Hurkxkens, Fransje Hooimeijer, Reinout Klaarenbeek, Mathilde Maijer, Tom MacWright, Jules Schoonman, Bert Spaan and The Gelders Archive.
 
 Allmaps is a set of open source tools for curating, georeferencing and exploring digitized maps. It works on the basis of the International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF), which is implemented by an increasing number of libraries and archives worldwide in order to share their digital collections. The Allmaps Editor can be used to annotate images with geographic information. Subsequently the map can be loaded in a map interface and compared with other maps in the Allmaps Viewer, without the need for derivatives or additional server infrastructure. The Berlage collaborated with Allmaps on the River Atlas.
 

contents/projects/bordersandboundaries/annotations/lekkerkerk1873.json

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+{
+    "type": "AnnotationPage",
+    "@context": [
+        "http://www.w3.org/ns/anno.jsonld"
+    ],
+    "items": [
+        {
+            "id": "80b4823e897523ae",
+            "type": "Annotation",
+            "@context": [
+                "http://www.w3.org/ns/anno.jsonld",
+                "http://geojson.org/geojson-ld/geojson-context.jsonld",
+                "http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json"
+            ],
+            "motivation": "georeferencing",
+            "target": {
+                "type": "Image",
+                "source": "https://dlc.services/iiif-img/7/32/bc387ab6-aec9-4139-90f0-78155c542d24/full/full/0/default.jpg",
+                "service": [
+                    {
+                        "@id": "https://dlc.services/iiif-img/7/32/bc387ab6-aec9-4139-90f0-78155c542d24",
+                        "type": "ImageService2"
+                    }
+                ],
+                "selector": {
+                    "type": "SvgSelector",
+                    "value": "<svg width=\"7672\" height=\"5532\"><polygon points=\"725,5091 6931,5113 6948,457 732,436\" /></svg>"
+                }
+            },
+            "body": {
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+                "purpose": "gcp-georeferencing",
+                "transformation": {
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+        }
+    ]
+}

contents/projects/bordersandboundaries/slides/01.md

@@ -3,17 +3,17 @@ meta:
   heading: Waterschappen
   period: [1815,1961]
 viewer:
-  bbox: [4.587475,51.775669,4.887222,51.960796]
+  bbox: [4.639318,51.860589,4.777517,51.945856]
   rotation: 0
 allmaps:
-  - label: Water Management Map Gorinchem 3, no. 38. First edition, series 1, 1881. 690 x 555 mm, scale 1:10,000. Rijkswaterstaat.
-    annotation: gorinchemmap1881.json
+  - label: River Map Lekkerkerk, no. 16. First revision, serie II, 1883. Scale 1:10,000. Geoplaza, VU Amsterdam. National Archives. Signature LL.11007gk.
+    annotation: lekkerkerk1873.json
     opacity: 100
     mask: rgb(255,0,0)
     colorize: rgb(255,0,0)
 ---
 
-## Waterschappen: on the mediation of local risk, scales of collectivity, and the allocation of resources for water management
+## Waterschappen - on the mediation of local risk, scales of collectivity, and the allocation of resources for water management
 
 Following the need to protect reclaimed land, the first water boards were established in the twelfth century to handle local water management. As institutions they were funded through taxation. The Rijkswaterstaat was established in 1798 to manage water on a national scale. With the creation of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1815, a new democratic monarchy was established. At the time, there was debate between unitarians – who favored a centralized state—and federalists—who preferred regional, or provincial autonomy.
 
@@ -24,5 +24,4 @@ The contribution compares two decentralized water boards: one bordering the rive
 On the scale of a historical water board—the size of one polder—the contribution addresses the paradox of investing in the protection of increasingly vulnerable areas, and the shift that may occur when the population and related tax income are reducing.
 
 
-
-Contribtuions by Nicolaos Charalambous and Kelly Olinger
+Contribtuions by Nicolaos Charalambous, Kelly Olinger

contents/projects/bordersandboundaries/slides/02.md

@@ -6,13 +6,19 @@ viewer:
   bbox: [4.587475,51.775669,4.887222,51.960796]
   rotation: 0
 allmaps:
-  - label: Speculative Water Management Map of Gorinchem, Gorinchem 3 no. 38. First edition, series 1, 2023. 555 x 690 mm, scale 1:10,000. The Berlage. Based on Water Management Map Gorinchem 3, no. 38. First edition, series 1, 1881. 690 x 555 mm, scale 1:10,000. Rijkswaterstaat.
-    annotation: newbigspec1881.json
+  - label: Water Management Map Gorinchem 3, no. 38. First edition, series 1, 1881. 690 x 555 mm, scale 1:10,000. Rijkswaterstaat.
+    annotation: gorinchemmap1881.json
     opacity: 100
     mask: rgb(255,0,0)
     colorize: rgb(255,0,0)
 ---
 
-## Wijngaarden Water Board - 1881
+## Waterschappen - on the mediation of local risk, scales of collectivity, and the allocation of resources for water management
 
-Wijngaarden, a water board named after one of the polders inside its boundaries, sits inland of the river. This sheltered polder had lower taxes for water management and flood defense projects. With no extra costs for flood protection, the water board entered into an agreement with the National Rail Company for a train station within its borders, with a direct connection to Dordrecht.  Although Dordrecht had jobs, it also had a high cost of living due to the necessary flood protection measures. 
+Following the need to protect reclaimed land, the first water boards were established in the twelfth century to handle local water management. As institutions they were funded through taxation. The Rijkswaterstaat was established in 1798 to manage water on a national scale. With the creation of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1815, a new democratic monarchy was established. At the time, there was debate between unitarians – who favored a centralized state—and federalists—who preferred regional, or provincial autonomy.
+
+What if the federalist approach to decentralized water management dominated policy during the establishment of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands? What if rather than a centralized Rijkswaterstaat, all water management would be overseen by local and regional water boards, each tasked with balancing local conditions, risk management, and finances?
+
+The contribution compares two decentralized water boards: one bordering the river, one surrounded by other water boards. Baring the burden of financing one’s own protection, inhabitation of flood prone areas would have not been feasible, and development patterns would have shifted away from the river.
+
+On the scale of a historical water board—the size of one polder—the contribution addresses the paradox of investing in the protection of increasingly vulnerable areas, and the shift that may occur when the population and related tax income are reducing.

contents/projects/bordersandboundaries/slides/03.md

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ viewer:
   bbox: [4.587475,51.775669,4.887222,51.960796]
   rotation: 0
 allmaps:
-  - label: Speculative Water Management Map of Gorinchem, Gorinchem 3 no. 38. First Edition, series 1, 2023. 555 x 690 mm, scale 1:10,000. The Berlage. Based on Water Management Map Gorinchem 3, no. 38. First Edition, series 1, 1881. 690 x 555 mm, scale 1:10,000. Rijkswaterstaat.
-    annotation: speculative1881wijngaarden.json
+  - label: Speculative Water Management Map of Gorinchem, Gorinchem 3 no. 38. First edition, series 1, 2023. 555 x 690 mm, scale 1:10,000. The Berlage. Based on Water Management Map Gorinchem 3, no. 38. First edition, series 1, 1881. 690 x 555 mm, scale 1:10,000. Rijkswaterstaat.
+    annotation: newbigspec1881.json
     opacity: 100
     mask: rgb(255,0,0)
     colorize: rgb(255,0,0)
 ---
 
-## Wijngaarden Water Board - 1881
+## Wijngaarden Water Board (1881)
 
 Wijngaarden, a water board named after one of the polders inside its boundaries, sits inland of the river. This sheltered polder had lower taxes for water management and flood defense projects. With no extra costs for flood protection, the water board entered into an agreement with the National Rail Company for a train station within its borders, with a direct connection to Dordrecht.  Although Dordrecht had jobs, it also had a high cost of living due to the necessary flood protection measures. 

contents/projects/bordersandboundaries/slides/04.md

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ viewer:
   bbox: [4.587475,51.775669,4.887222,51.960796]
   rotation: 0
 allmaps:
-  - label: Speculative Water Management Map of Gorinchem, Gorinchem 3 no. 38. First edition, series 1, 2023. 555 x 690 mm, scale 1:10,000. The Berlage. Based on Water Management Map Gorinchem 3, no. 38. First edition, series 1, 1881. 690 x 555 mm, scale 1:10,000. Rijkswaterstaat.
-    annotation: speculative1881lekkerlek.json
+  - label: Speculative Water Management Map of Gorinchem, Gorinchem 3 no. 38. First Edition, series 1, 2023. 555 x 690 mm, scale 1:10,000. The Berlage. Based on Water Management Map Gorinchem 3, no. 38. First Edition, series 1, 1881. 690 x 555 mm, scale 1:10,000. Rijkswaterstaat.
+    annotation: speculative1881wijngaarden.json
     opacity: 100
     mask: rgb(255,0,0)
     colorize: rgb(255,0,0)
 ---
 
-## Lekkerland Water Board - 1881
+## Wijngaarden Water Board (1881)
 
-The Nieuw Lekkerlandsche and Streefkerksche Polders had similar beginnings to their neighbors, protecting reclaimed land used for farming. Unable to strike a deal with other polders, they were forced to start their own water board. With an agricultural focus, the water board did not have the population density to properly pay for the upkeep of the extensive band dike within its boundaries. 
+Wijngaarden, a water board named after one of the polders inside its boundaries, sits inland of the river. This sheltered polder had lower taxes for water management and flood defense projects. With no extra costs for flood protection, the water board entered into an agreement with the National Rail Company for a train station within its borders, with a direct connection to Dordrecht.  Although Dordrecht had jobs, it also had a high cost of living due to the necessary flood protection measures. 

contents/projects/bordersandboundaries/slides/05.md

@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@ meta:
   heading: Waterschappen
   period: [1815,1961]
 viewer:
-  bbox: [4.67453,51.875755,4.735093,51.913133]
+  bbox: [4.587475,51.775669,4.887222,51.960796]
   rotation: 0
 allmaps:
-  - label: Speculative Water Management Map of Lekkerland (1921). 2023. 925 x 625 mm, scale 1:10,000. The Berlage.  
-    annotation: speculativelekkerlek1921.json
+  - label: Speculative Water Management Map of Gorinchem, Gorinchem 3 no. 38. First edition, series 1, 2023. 555 x 690 mm, scale 1:10,000. The Berlage. Based on Water Management Map Gorinchem 3, no. 38. First edition, series 1, 1881. 690 x 555 mm, scale 1:10,000. Rijkswaterstaat.
+    annotation: speculative1881lekkerlek.json
     opacity: 100
     mask: rgb(255,0,0)
     colorize: rgb(255,0,0)
 ---
 
-## Lekkerland Water Board - 1921
+## Lekkerland Water Board (1881)
 
-Lekkerland’s population remained small through the turn of the twentieth century.  Due to flood dangers and lack of financial resources, the water board was forced to accept life with a higher risk of flooding. Maintaining its agricultural focus, land values began to decline as dikes began to show weaknesses. 
+The Nieuw Lekkerlandsche and Streefkerksche Polders had similar beginnings to their neighbors, protecting reclaimed land used for farming. Unable to strike a deal with other polders, they were forced to start their own water board. With an agricultural focus, the water board did not have the population density to properly pay for the upkeep of the extensive band dike within its boundaries. 

contents/projects/bordersandboundaries/slides/06.md

@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@ meta:
   heading: Waterschappen
   period: [1815,1961]
 viewer:
-  bbox: [4.613217,51.836688,4.823172,51.966288]
+  bbox: [4.67453,51.875755,4.735093,51.913133]
   rotation: 0
 allmaps:
-  - label: Speculative Water Management Map of Lekkerland (1921). 2023. 925 x 625 mm, scale 1:10,000. The Berlage. 
+  - label: Speculative Water Management Map of Lekkerland (1921). 2023. 925 x 625 mm, scale 1:10,000. The Berlage.  
     annotation: speculativelekkerlek1921.json
     opacity: 100
     mask: rgb(255,0,0)
     colorize: rgb(255,0,0)
 ---
 
-## Lekkerland Water Board - 1921
+## Lekkerland Water Board (1921)
 
-Where water boards could not afford to normalize their stretch of river, shipping companies paid for projects that may improve trade routes. To foster relationships with water boards, and to document the river, the shipping company helped pay for many maps. This map was commissioned by both a shipping company and the Lekkerland Water Board. 
+Lekkerland’s population remained small through the turn of the twentieth century.  Due to flood dangers and lack of financial resources, the water board was forced to accept life with a higher risk of flooding. Maintaining its agricultural focus, land values began to decline as dikes began to show weaknesses. 

contents/projects/bordersandboundaries/slides/07.md

@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@ meta:
   heading: Waterschappen
   period: [1815,1961]
 viewer:
-  bbox: [4.656836,51.81118,4.83788,51.923051]
+  bbox: [4.613217,51.836688,4.823172,51.966288]
   rotation: 0
 allmaps:
-  - label: Speculative Water Management Map of Wijngaarden (1947). 2023. Sticker paper, 925 x 625 mm, scale 1:10,000. The Berlage. 
-    annotation: speculativerivermap1947.json
+  - label: Speculative Water Management Map of Lekkerland (1921). 2023. 925 x 625 mm, scale 1:10,000. The Berlage. 
+    annotation: speculativelekkerlek1921.json
     opacity: 100
     mask: rgb(255,0,0)
     colorize: rgb(255,0,0)
 ---
 
-## Wijngaarden Water Board
+## Lekkerland Water Board (1921)
 
-After the Second Industrial Revolution, inland railway lines became an important means of transportation for the Netherlands. Development in the water board received another boost from the housing boom after the second world war. At the same time, the water board noticed a lack of upkeep in their neighbors’ dikes, especially those adjacent to the river. With population increasing, the water board decided to raise taxes and begin strengthening their own dikes. 
+Where water boards could not afford to normalize their stretch of river, shipping companies paid for projects that may improve trade routes. To foster relationships with water boards, and to document the river, the shipping company helped pay for many maps. This map was commissioned by both a shipping company and the Lekkerland Water Board. 

contents/projects/bordersandboundaries/slides/08.md

@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@ meta:
   heading: Waterschappen
   period: [1815,1961]
 viewer:
-  bbox: [4.627107,51.821216,4.836453,51.950431]
+  bbox: [4.656836,51.81118,4.83788,51.923051]
   rotation: 0
 allmaps:
-  - label: Speculative Water Management Map of Gorinchem (1961), Gorinchem West 1, no. 38. Fourth edition, series 1, 2023. 374 x 297 mm, scale 1:25,000. The Berlage. Based on Water Management Map 38 Gorinchem West 1. Fourth edition, series 1, 1961. 555 x 690 mm, scale 1:50,000. Rijkswaterstaat.
-    annotation: newbigmapspec1961.json
+  - label: Speculative Water Management Map of Wijngaarden (1947). 2023. Sticker paper, 925 x 625 mm, scale 1:10,000. The Berlage. 
+    annotation: speculativerivermap1947.json
     opacity: 100
     mask: rgb(255,0,0)
     colorize: rgb(255,0,0)
 ---
 
-## The End of Lekkerland
+## Wijngaarden Water Board
 
-The Alblasserwaard region was devastated by the 1953 flood. Due to poor dike maintenance, some water boards, including Lekkerland Water Board, were completely flooded. These water boards could not afford repairs and decided to abandon their land. Over time, the river began to claim and naturalize this land.
+After the Second Industrial Revolution, inland railway lines became an important means of transportation for the Netherlands. Development in the water board received another boost from the housing boom after the second world war. At the same time, the water board noticed a lack of upkeep in their neighbors’ dikes, especially those adjacent to the river. With population increasing, the water board decided to raise taxes and begin strengthening their own dikes.