update Dockerfile-CUDA

[feederbox826]

supercedes #5582

• fix match casing
• add ARG for CUDA version (update python and ffmpeg version in docker cuda #5582 (comment))
• update to ubuntu 24.04
• install python3 and python3-pip by default
• Dockerfile ADD instead of wget && chmod
• standardize ENV formatting

[dongfengweixiao]

Configuring the CUDA version to 12.8.0 is quite progressive, and this might pose an issue as some host machines are not capable of installing such a recent NVIDIA driver version. This can lead to users who have downloaded the image being unable to utilize it effectively. A case in point is the Synology system, where third-party NVIDIA drivers are available in version 535.154.05, compatible with CUDA version 12.2. So, do you guess why my pull request doesn’t use a higher version of Ubuntu? Is it because I don’t want to? No, it’s because I can’t!

➜  ~ nvidia-smi
Fri Feb 28 22:22:31 2025       
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 535.154.05             Driver Version: 535.154.05   CUDA Version: 12.2     |
|-----------------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name                 Persistence-M | Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp   Perf          Pwr:Usage/Cap |         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                                         |                      |               MIG M. |
|=========================================+======================+======================|
|   0  NVIDIA GeForce GTX 750 Ti      On  | 00000000:01:00.0 Off |                  N/A |
| 33%   15C    P8               1W /  46W |      0MiB /  2048MiB |      0%      Default |
|                                         |                      |                  N/A |
+-----------------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
                                                                                         
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                            |
|  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                            GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                             Usage      |
|=======================================================================================|
|  No running processes found                                                           |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

[feederbox826]

It's a manual image, you can build it yourself if your upstream package doesn't support the latest drivers.

12.2 has reached EOL (R535-R549). Per the container support policy, we should bump to latest to avoid disruptions and deleted upstream images