add sample directory size exporter (prometheus#789)

* add sample directory size exporter

This is a possible workaround for the lack of metrics in the new
storage backend, as documented in:

prometheus/prometheus#3684

Partly inspired by this post as well:

https://www.robustperception.io/monitoring-directory-sizes-with-the-textfile-collector/

* properly escape backslashes and double-quotes

text_collector_examples/directory-size.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Expose directory usage metrics, passed as an argument.
+#
+# Usage: add this to crontab:
+#
+# */5 * * * * prometheus directory-size.sh /var/lib/prometheus | sponge /var/lib/node_exporter/directory_size.prom
+#
+# sed pattern taken from https://www.robustperception.io/monitoring-directory-sizes-with-the-textfile-collector/
+#
+# Author: Antoine Beaupré <[email protected]>
+echo "# HELP anarcat_dir_space_bytes Disk space used by some directories"
+echo "# TYPE anarcat_dir_space_bytes gauge"
+du --block-size=1 --summarize "$@" \
+  | sed -ne 's/\\/\\\\/;s/"/\\"/g;s/^\([0-9]\+\)\t\(.*\)$/node_directory_size_bytes{directory="\2"} \1/p'