pi-blaster

This project enables PWM on the GPIO pins you request of a Raspberry Pi. The technique used is extremely efficient: does not use the CPU and gives very stable pulses.

Pi-blaster project is based on the excellent work of Richard Hirst for ServoBlaster.

Pi-blaster has also been forked and made to work with MQTT instead of a local device file. That project is available here.

How to install

Arch Linux

Thanks to Patrick Wozniak, you can easily install pi-blaster on archlinux with:

yaourt -S pi-blaster-git

And activate the systemd-service with:

sudo systemctl enable pi-blaster

Build your own deb package and install with dpkg

The Debian package relies on systemd which means you must have Raspbian 8 or later (aka "Jessie"). Run cat /etc/debian_version) to check what version you are currently running.

Install the debian tools required to compile and prepare the package:

sudo apt-get install debhelper dh-autoreconf dpkg-dev init-system-helpers autoconf dh-virtualenv

And build the package:

dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc -i && sudo dpkg -i ../pi-blaster*.deb

Build and install directly from source

The build environment is based on Autotools to allow for compilation on the Raspberry Pi, or cross-compilation.

You may need to install autoconf to build. On Raspbian and other Debian based systems this can be achieved with:

sudo apt-get install autoconf pkg-config

Get the git package:

git clone https://github.com/sarfata/pi-blaster.git
cd pi-blaster

Building is extremely simple:

./autogen.sh
./configure
make

To start pi-blaster and have it relaunched automatically on every reboot:

sudo make install

Or to start pi-blaster manually run:

sudo ./pi-blaster

And to uninstall, simply run:

sudo make uninstall

This will stop pi-blaster and prevent it from starting automatically on the next reboot.

Install with docker

If you have docker on your RPi, you can run this image

docker run -it --privileged --rm -v /dev:/dev sarfata/pi-blaster

Or build from source in git repo

docker build -t pib .

docker run -it --privileged --rm -v /dev:/dev pib

How to use

pi-blaster creates a special file (FIFO) in /dev/pi-blaster. Any application on your Raspberry Pi can write to it (this means that only pi-blaster needs to be root, your application can run as a normal user).

Important: when using pi-blaster, the GPIO pins you send to it are configured as output.

To set the value of a PIN, you write a command to /dev/pi-blaster in the form <GPIOPinName>=<value> where <value> must be a number between 0 and 1 (included).

You must use the GPIO number (BCM xx in the diagram below).

Examples:

• To completely turn on GPIO pin 17:

  echo "17=1" > /dev/pi-blaster

• To set GPIO pin 17 to a PWM of 20%

  echo "17=0.2" > /dev/pi-blaster

• To turn off GPIO pin 17:

  echo "17=0" > /dev/pi-blaster

• To release a pin so it can be used as digital GPIO or an input:

  echo "release 17" > /dev/pi-blaster

• To set all configured GPIO pins at once to a PWM of 20%:

  echo "*=0.2" > /dev/pi-blaster

• To set several GPIO pins at once to various PWM values:

  echo "13=1 17=0.2 19=0" > /dev/pi-blaster

  You can also use different delimiters (comma, semicolon):

  echo "13=1; 17=0.2; 19=0" > /dev/pi-blaster

NodeJS

NodeJS users can use pi-blaster.js.

C#

A C# example was contributed by Vili Volcini. It is available on this stackoverflow thread.

How to use from other languages?

All you need to know is how to open a file and write into it. Here are some more examples contributed by the community:

Java

void echoToFile(String str) throws FileNotFoundException {
    final String file = "/dev/pi-blaster";
    try (PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileOutputStream(file), true)) {
        out.println(str);
    }
}

Python

def echo_to_file(st: str):
    original_stdout = sys.stdout
    with open('/dev/pi-blaster', 'w') as f:
        sys.stdout = f  # Change the standard output to the file we created.
        print(st)
        sys.stdout = original_stdout  # Reset the standard output to its original value

C++

void EchoToFile(string val)
{
    ofstream fo;
    fo.open("/dev/pi-blaster");
    fo << val << endl;
    fo.close();
}

How to adjust the frequency and the resolution of the PWM

On startup, pi-blaster gives you the frequency of the PWM, the number of steps that you can control, the maximum and the minimum period of a pulse.

sudo ./pi-blaster
Using hardware:               PWM
Number of channels:           8
PWM frequency:                100 Hz
PWM steps:                    1000
Maximum period (100  %):      10000us
Minimum period (0.100%):      10us

You can adjust those by changing a few defines at the top of the source code:

• NUM_SAMPLES: The number of steps
• SAMPLE_US: The time of one step (minimum period)

If you do not need a resolution of 1000 steps (approximately equivalent to a 10 bit DAC), then you can reduce the number of samples or increase the duration of the steps.

Richard Hirst who wrote the original code recommended not going below 2us for SAMPLE_US.

Options

To override the default list of supported GPIO pins and specify fewer (or more) you can specify a comma separated list of GPIO numbers. This is also the default list:

--gpio 4,17,18,27,21,22,23,24,25

To use the BCM2835's PCM peripheral instead of its PWM peripheral to time the DMA transfers, pass the option:

--pcm

This is useful if you are already using the chip's PWM peripheral, for example for audio output.

To invert the pulse (off = pin HIGH, pulse = pin LOW), use:

--invert

This can be useful for common anode LEDs or other devices that expect an active-low signal.

To keep pi-blaster running in the foreground without running as a daemon use:

--foreground

To view help or version information, use:

--help

--version

Warnings and other caveats

Pins being used by pi-blaster will be configured as outputs. Do not plug something on an input or you might destroy it!

This daemon uses the hardware PWM generator of the raspberry pi to get precise timings. This might interfere with your sound card output. There is experimental support for a PCM time-source. If you are interested, I suggest you look at Richard Hirst original project (ServoBlaster) and try the --pcm option.

If started as system service (sudo make install), logs are written to syslog (/var/log/syslog on Debian). Keep this in mind for troubleshooting.

If started as system service, configuration is read from /etc/default/pi-blaster. You might need to create and edit this file manually. Example of file content:

DAEMON_OPTS="--gpio 19,13,5"

Contributors

• Richard Hirst for ServoBlaster
• Thomas Sarlandie (https://github.com/sarfata)
• Michael Vitousek (https://github.com/mvitousek/pi-blaster)
• Pete Nelson (https://github.com/petiepooo)
• Edgar Siva (https://github.com/edgarsilva)
• Alex Lennon (https://github.com/ajlennon)
• Lara Maia (https://github.com/LaraCraft304)
• Pattrick Hüper (https://github.com/phueper)
• Boyuan Yang (https://github.com/hosiet)
• penfold42 (https://github.com/penfold42)
• Thomas McVay (https://github.com/ThomasMcVay)
• Pavle Petrovic (https://github.com/pavlecc)
• arendruni (https://github.com/arendruni)
• Lucas Servén Marín (https://github.com/squat)
• Airat (https://github.com/CrackAndDie)
• Olaf Splitt (https://github.com/splitti)

Want to support this project?

The best way to contribute is to write code for the features you would like to see and to make a pull-requests.

License

Released under The MIT License.

Note: This project was initially released by Richard Hist under the GPL v3 License. Richard gave me explicit permission to distribute this derivative work under the MIT License.

Copyright (c) 2013 Thomas Sarlandie - Richard Hirst

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
IN THE SOFTWARE.