Double anudAtta ashtadhyayi-com/data#117

sUtra-commentaries/vasu_english/pada-1.1/1.1.58.md

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ This <i>sutra</i> lays down an exception to the previous <i>sutra</i>, by which
 
 
 
-5. स्वरविधिः 'a rule relating to accent.' There is a <i>sutra</i> [[6.1.193]] which says that when a word is formed by an affix that has an indicatory ल्, the vowel that immediately precedes such an affix has the <i>udatta</i> accent. Now ण्वुल् is an affix that has an indicatory ल्, the real affix bein अक (VII.I.I.). It is an affix used in forming nouns of agency. Adding this affix to the desiderative verb चिकीर्ष 'desirous of doing' we have:-- चिकीर्ष + अक = चिकीर्ष् + ० + अक, the अ being dropped by [[6.4.48]]. Now if the zero be considered as <i>sthanivat</i>, then the accent must fall on this latent अ but it is not so. The accent falls on the ई of की; and we have चि॒॒कीर्ष॑कः, so also जि॒॒हीर्ष॑कः ॥
+5. स्वरविधिः 'a rule relating to accent.' There is a <i>sutra</i> [[6.1.193]] which says that when a word is formed by an affix that has an indicatory ल्, the vowel that immediately precedes such an affix has the <i>udatta</i> accent. Now ण्वुल् is an affix that has an indicatory ल्, the real affix bein अक (VII.I.I.). It is an affix used in forming nouns of agency. Adding this affix to the desiderative verb चिकीर्ष 'desirous of doing' we have:-- चिकीर्ष + अक = चिकीर्ष् + ० + अक, the अ being dropped by [[6.4.48]]. Now if the zero be considered as <i>sthanivat</i>, then the accent must fall on this latent अ but it is not so. The accent falls on the ई of की; and we have चि॒कीर्ष॑कः, so also जि॒हीर्ष॑कः ॥
 
 
 

sUtra-commentaries/vasu_english/pada-1.2/1.2.31.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ The vowel that has the combination of अनुदात्त and उदात
 
 The word "vowel" of s. 28 is understood here also. The <i>svarita</i> or circumflexed accent is pronounced by the combined raising and falling of the voice. It is marked by a perpendicular line on the top of the letter.
 
-The word is used in <i>sutra</i> [[6.1.185]] \[1\]. "The affixes having an indicatory त् <i>t</i> have <i>svarita</i> accent." As क॒॒न्या॑ <i>kanya</i>, शि॒॒क्य॑म् <i>sikyam</i>, क्व॑ <i>kva</i>.
+The word is used in <i>sutra</i> [[6.1.185]] \[1\]. "The affixes having an indicatory त् <i>t</i> have <i>svarita</i> accent." As क॒न्या॑ <i>kanya</i>, शि॒क्य॑म् <i>sikyam</i>, क्व॑ <i>kva</i>.
 
 
 

sUtra-commentaries/vasu_english/pada-1.2/1.2.32.md

@@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ It has been defined that <i>svarita</i> accent is a combination of <i>udatta</i>
 
 
 
-The phrase <i>ardhahrasva</i> is used to indicate half the measure of a short vowel. Thus if a short vowel is <i>svarita</i>, its <i>matra</i> being one, half will be <i>udatta</i> and the other half <i>anudatta</i>. If a long vowel, whose <i>matras</i> are two, be <i>svarita</i> then 1/2 will be <i>udatta</i>, 1 1/2 will be <i>anudatta</i>. If a <i>pluta</i> (protracted) vowel be <i>svarita</i>, then first half measure will be <i>udatta</i>, and the remaining 2 1/2measures will be <i>anudatta</i>. In short, the <i>udatta</i> portion of a <i>svarita</i> must not occupy more time than is taken in pronouncing a half short vowel. Thus in शि॒॒क्य॑म् <i>sikyam</i>, the <i>a</i> is <i>svarita</i>, half being acute, the other half grave or monotony; in क॒॒न्या॑ <i>kanya</i>, the long <i>a</i> is <i>svarita</i>, its first half measure is acute, the remaining 1 1/2 is grave; in मानवका॑३ <i>manavaka</i>, here a prolated is <i>svarita</i>, its first 1/2 is acute, the balance 2 1/2 measure is grave.
+The phrase <i>ardhahrasva</i> is used to indicate half the measure of a short vowel. Thus if a short vowel is <i>svarita</i>, its <i>matra</i> being one, half will be <i>udatta</i> and the other half <i>anudatta</i>. If a long vowel, whose <i>matras</i> are two, be <i>svarita</i> then 1/2 will be <i>udatta</i>, 1 1/2 will be <i>anudatta</i>. If a <i>pluta</i> (protracted) vowel be <i>svarita</i>, then first half measure will be <i>udatta</i>, and the remaining 2 1/2measures will be <i>anudatta</i>. In short, the <i>udatta</i> portion of a <i>svarita</i> must not occupy more time than is taken in pronouncing a half short vowel. Thus in शि॒क्य॑म् <i>sikyam</i>, the <i>a</i> is <i>svarita</i>, half being acute, the other half grave or monotony; in क॒न्या॑ <i>kanya</i>, the long <i>a</i> is <i>svarita</i>, its first half measure is acute, the remaining 1 1/2 is grave; in मानवका॑३ <i>manavaka</i>, here a prolated is <i>svarita</i>, its first 1/2 is acute, the balance 2 1/2 measure is grave.

sUtra-commentaries/vasu_english/pada-1.2/1.2.34.md

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ In "sacrificial works" or on occasions of sacrifice, the <i>mantras</i> of the <
 
 
 
-"<i>Japa</i>" is the repetition of <i>mantras</i>, and their recitation in a low voice or whisper. <i>Nyunkha</i> is the name of certain hymns of the <i>veda</i>, and the names of 16 sorts of "<i>Om</i>." Some of these are pronounced with <i>udatta</i> and others with <i>anudatta</i> accent. <i>Samas</i> are songs, or the musical cadence in which some vedic hymns are to be uttered. As:- अ॒॒ग्निर्मूद्धादि॒॒वः क॒॒कुत्पतिः॑ पृथि॒॒व्या अ॒॒यम् । अपाम् रेतांसि जिन्वतो३ म् (<i>Rig</i> <i>Veda</i> VIII.14.16).
+"<i>Japa</i>" is the repetition of <i>mantras</i>, and their recitation in a low voice or whisper. <i>Nyunkha</i> is the name of certain hymns of the <i>veda</i>, and the names of 16 sorts of "<i>Om</i>." Some of these are pronounced with <i>udatta</i> and others with <i>anudatta</i> accent. <i>Samas</i> are songs, or the musical cadence in which some vedic hymns are to be uttered. As:- अ॒ग्निर्मूद्धादि॒वः क॒कुत्पतिः॑ पृथि॒व्या अ॒यम् । अपाम् रेतांसि जिन्वतो३ म् (<i>Rig</i> <i>Veda</i> VIII.14.16).
 
 
 
-When a <i>mantra</i> is recited as a <i>japa</i>, then it must be pronounced with accents :- As समा॑ग्ने वर्चो॑ विह॒॒वेष्वं॑स्तु (<i>Rig</i> <i>Veda</i> X. 128. I).
+When a <i>mantra</i> is recited as a <i>japa</i>, then it must be pronounced with accents :- As समा॑ग्ने वर्चो॑ विह॒वेष्वं॑स्तु (<i>Rig</i> <i>Veda</i> X. 128. I).
 
 
 

sUtra-commentaries/vasu_english/pada-1.2/1.2.36.md

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ The option allowed by this <i>sutra</i> is to be adjusted in this way. In readin
 
 
 
-Thus:- अ॒॒ग्निमी॑ले पु॒॒रोहि॑तं or simply अग्निमीले पुरोहितं. "I praise <i>Agni</i> the <i>purohita</i>."
+Thus:- अ॒ग्निमी॑ले पु॒रोहि॑तं or simply अग्निमीले पुरोहितं. "I praise <i>Agni</i> the <i>purohita</i>."
 
 
 

sUtra-commentaries/vasu_english/pada-1.2/1.2.37.md

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ This <i>sutra</i> prohibits <i>Ekasruti</i> in the case of certain prayers calle
 
 
 
-As स॒॒ब्रह्म॒॒ण्यो३ मिन्द्रागच्छ॒॒ हरिव॒॒ आगच्छ॒॒. Here the word सुब्रह्मण्य is formed by the addition of the affix यत् to the word सुब्रह्मण्, and this य will get <i>svarita</i> accent by [[6.1.185]], (तित्स्वरितम्) as it has an indicatory त्; by the present <i>sutra</i>, this nascent <i>svarita</i> is changed into <i>udatta</i>. In the phrase इन्द्र आगच्छ, the word <i>Indra</i> being in the vocative case, इ is <i>udatta</i>, the अ of <i>Indra</i> is <i>anudatta</i> [[6.1.198]] \[1\]. The <i>anudatta</i> preceded by an <i>udatta</i> is changed into <i>svarita</i> [[8.4.66]] \[2\].
+As स॒ब्रह्म॒ण्यो३ मिन्द्रागच्छ॒ हरिव॒ आगच्छ॒. Here the word सुब्रह्मण्य is formed by the addition of the affix यत् to the word सुब्रह्मण्, and this य will get <i>svarita</i> accent by [[6.1.185]], (तित्स्वरितम्) as it has an indicatory त्; by the present <i>sutra</i>, this nascent <i>svarita</i> is changed into <i>udatta</i>. In the phrase इन्द्र आगच्छ, the word <i>Indra</i> being in the vocative case, इ is <i>udatta</i>, the अ of <i>Indra</i> is <i>anudatta</i> [[6.1.198]] \[1\]. The <i>anudatta</i> preceded by an <i>udatta</i> is changed into <i>svarita</i> [[8.4.66]] \[2\].
 
 
 

sUtra-commentaries/vasu_english/pada-1.2/1.2.38.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ sutra: देवब्रह्मणोरनुदात्तः
 ---
 The words देवा and ब्राह्मण in those hymns have अनुदात्त accent.
 
-By <i>sutra</i> [[1.2.37]], it was declared, that in <i>subrahmanya</i> hymns, <i>svarita</i> accent is replaced by <i>udatta</i> accent. This <i>sutra</i> makes an exception in favour of the words देव and ब्राह्मण occurring in those hymns. These words have <i>anudatta</i> accent. As देवा॒॒ ब्रह्मा॒ण आग॒॒च्छत 'come ye <i>Devas</i> and <i>Brahmanas</i>.' Here the word देवा gets <i>udatta</i> accent on the first syllable by rule [[6.1.198]] \[1\]. (in the vocative the accent is on the beginning): at वा <i>va</i> has originally an <i>anudatta</i> accent which by rule [[8.4.66]] \[2\] (an <i>anudatta</i> following an <i>udatta</i> is changed into <i>svarita</i>) would have been changed into <i>svarita</i>. This <i>svarita</i>, by the previous <i>sutra</i> required to be changed into <i>udatta</i>; but by this rule, it is replaced by <i>anudatta</i>. In other words, the original <i>anudatta</i> remains unchanged.
+By <i>sutra</i> [[1.2.37]], it was declared, that in <i>subrahmanya</i> hymns, <i>svarita</i> accent is replaced by <i>udatta</i> accent. This <i>sutra</i> makes an exception in favour of the words देव and ब्राह्मण occurring in those hymns. These words have <i>anudatta</i> accent. As देवा॒ ब्रह्मा॒ण आग॒च्छत 'come ye <i>Devas</i> and <i>Brahmanas</i>.' Here the word देवा gets <i>udatta</i> accent on the first syllable by rule [[6.1.198]] \[1\]. (in the vocative the accent is on the beginning): at वा <i>va</i> has originally an <i>anudatta</i> accent which by rule [[8.4.66]] \[2\] (an <i>anudatta</i> following an <i>udatta</i> is changed into <i>svarita</i>) would have been changed into <i>svarita</i>. This <i>svarita</i>, by the previous <i>sutra</i> required to be changed into <i>udatta</i>; but by this rule, it is replaced by <i>anudatta</i>. In other words, the original <i>anudatta</i> remains unchanged.
 
 
 

sUtra-commentaries/vasu_english/pada-1.2/1.2.42.md

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Each member of a compound may have the same case, but if it is not a <i>Tat</i>-
 
 
 
-A compound may be a <i>Tat</i>-<i>purusha</i>, but if its component parts do not refer to the same thing and are not in the same case, it won't be <i>karmadharaya</i>:- ब्रा॒॒ह्म॒॒ण॒॒ राज्य॑म् <i>Brahmana</i> <i>rajyam</i>, 'a <i>Brahmana</i> kingdom.' Here राज्यम् gets <i>udatta</i> on the first syllable by the rule already mentioned [[6.2.130]].
+A compound may be a <i>Tat</i>-<i>purusha</i>, but if its component parts do not refer to the same thing and are not in the same case, it won't be <i>karmadharaya</i>:- ब्रा॒ह्म॒ण॒ राज्य॑म् <i>Brahmana</i> <i>rajyam</i>, 'a <i>Brahmana</i> kingdom.' Here राज्यम् gets <i>udatta</i> on the first syllable by the rule already mentioned [[6.2.130]].
 
 
 

sUtra-commentaries/vasu_english/pada-2.4/2.4.80.md

@@ -5,27 +5,27 @@ sutra: मन्त्रे घसह्वरणशवृदहाद्वृ
 ---
 In the मन्त्र portion of the Vedas there is लुक् elision of the sign of the Aorist (& लिट् -Perfect Tense) after the verbs घस् 'to eat', हूर् 'to be crooked', णश् 'to destroy', वृ 'to choose, to cover', दह् 'to burn', verbs ending in long आ , वृच् 'to avoid', कृ 'to make', गमि 'to go' and जनि 'to be produced'.
 
-The word लि is the name given by ancient grammarians to the affixes of Perfect tense as well as the Aorist, or it might be common term for all tense-affixes. Thus from घस we have अक्षन in the sentence, अक्ष॑न् पि॒॒तरोऽमी॑ मदन्त पितरो॑ऽतीतृपन्त पि॒॒तरः॒॒ पित॑रः शुन्ध॑ध्वम् (<i>Yajurveda</i>. XIX 36 so also <i>Rig</i>.1.82. 2).
+The word लि is the name given by ancient grammarians to the affixes of Perfect tense as well as the Aorist, or it might be common term for all tense-affixes. Thus from घस we have अक्षन in the sentence, अक्ष॑न् पि॒तरोऽमी॑ मदन्त पितरो॑ऽतीतृपन्त पि॒तरः॒ पित॑रः शुन्ध॑ध्वम् (<i>Yajurveda</i>. XIX 36 so also <i>Rig</i>.1.82. 2).
 
 
 
 From the verb ह्वृ we have माहूर्मित्रस्य त्वम्. From नश we have प्रणङ् in the following verse मानः शंसो अररुषो धूर्तिः प्रणङ्मर्त्थस्य । रक्षा सोब्रह्मणस्पते ॥ (<i>Rig</i>. 1.18. 3.)
 
 
 
-The word वृ in the <i>sutra</i> includes both वृङ् and वृञ्, as the word वेन in the following ब्रह्म॑ जज्ञा॒॒नं प्र॑थ॒॒मं पुर॒॒ स्ता॒॒द्विसी॒॒॑ मतः सुरु॒॒चो॑ वेन आवः । सयु ध॒॒न्या॒॒ उपमा अ॑स्य विष्ठाः मतश्च योनि॒॒मस॑तश्च वि वः॑ ॥ (<i>Yajurveda</i> 13.3).
+The word वृ in the <i>sutra</i> includes both वृङ् and वृञ्, as the word वेन in the following ब्रह्म॑ जज्ञा॒नं प्र॑थ॒मं पुर॒ स्ता॒द्विसी॒॑ मतः सुरु॒चो॑ वेन आवः । सयु ध॒न्या॒ उपमा अ॑स्य विष्ठाः मतश्च योनि॒मस॑तश्च वि वः॑ ॥ (<i>Yajurveda</i> 13.3).
 
 
 
-From दह we have आधक् as in सर॑स्वत्य॒॒भिनो॑ नेषि॒॒वस्यो माप॑स्फरीः॒॒ पय॑सा॒॒ मान॒॒ आध॑क् ॥ (<i>Rig</i>.VI.61.14). The word आत् means verbs ending in long आ as प्रा 'to fill.' Thus, मित्रः देवानामुदगादनीकं चक्षुर्मित्रस्य वरुणस्याग्नेः । आप्रा द्यावा पृथिवी अन्तरिक्षं सूर्य आत्मा जगतस्तस्थु श्च ॥ (<i>Rig</i>. I.115.1.)
+From दह we have आधक् as in सर॑स्वत्य॒भिनो॑ नेषि॒वस्यो माप॑स्फरीः॒ पय॑सा॒ मान॒ आध॑क् ॥ (<i>Rig</i>.VI.61.14). The word आत् means verbs ending in long आ as प्रा 'to fill.' Thus, मित्रः देवानामुदगादनीकं चक्षुर्मित्रस्य वरुणस्याग्नेः । आप्रा द्यावा पृथिवी अन्तरिक्षं सूर्य आत्मा जगतस्तस्थु श्च ॥ (<i>Rig</i>. I.115.1.)
 
 
 
 The root वृच gives us वर्क as in the following verse:- मा मो अस्मिन्महाधमे परा वग् र्भारभृद्यथा । संवर्गं संरथिं जवः ॥ (<i>Rig</i>. VIII 75.12).
 
 
 
-From कृ we have अक्रम् as in the following verse अक्र॒॒म् कर्म॒॒ कर्म॒॒ कृतः॑ सह वा॒॒चा म॑यो॒॒ भुवा॑ । दे॒॒ वेभ्यः॑ कर्म क्र॒॒त्वास्तं॒॒ प्रेत॑ सचाभुवः ॥ (<i>Yajurveda</i> III.47).
+From कृ we have अक्रम् as in the following verse अक्र॒म् कर्म॒ कर्म॒ कृतः॑ सह वा॒चा म॑यो॒ भुवा॑ । दे॒ वेभ्यः॑ कर्म क्र॒त्वास्तं॒ प्रेत॑ सचाभुवः ॥ (<i>Yajurveda</i> III.47).
 
 
 

sUtra-commentaries/vasu_english/pada-3.4/3.4.88.md

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ The result is that in the <i>Chhandas</i> the second person singular of लो
 
 
 
-अग्ने॒॒ नय॑ सु॒॒पथा॑रा॒॒येऽअ॒॒स्मान्विश्वा॑निदेव व॒॒यूना॑निविद्वा॒॒न् ।
+अग्ने॒ नय॑ सु॒पथा॑रा॒येऽअ॒स्मान्विश्वा॑निदेव व॒यूना॑निविद्वा॒न् ।
 
-यु योध्य॒॒स्मज्जु॑हुरा॒॒णमेनो॒॒भूयि॑ष्ठान्ते॒॒ नमाऽउक्तिम्विधेम ॥
+यु योध्य॒स्मज्जु॑हुरा॒णमेनो॒भूयि॑ष्ठान्ते॒ नमाऽउक्तिम्विधेम ॥
 
 
 

sUtra-commentaries/vasu_english/pada-4.4/4.4.109.md

@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ sutra: सोदराद्यः
 ---
 The affix य comes in the sense of 'who sleeps' after the word सोदर the word being in the Locative -7th case in construction.
 
-By <i>sutra</i> [[6.3.88]] समान is optionally changed to स before the word उदर when यत् follows. Thus समानोदरे शयितः = सोर्द॒॒यः꣡ ॥ Here ओ is not <i>udatta</i>, as it was in the last; the <i>udatta</i> here falls on य ॥
+By <i>sutra</i> [[6.3.88]] समान is optionally changed to स before the word उदर when यत् follows. Thus समानोदरे शयितः = सोर्द॒यः꣡ ॥ Here ओ is not <i>udatta</i>, as it was in the last; the <i>udatta</i> here falls on य ॥

sUtra-commentaries/vasu_english/pada-4.4/4.4.110.md

@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ sutra: भवे छन्दसि
 ---
 The affix यत् comes in the sense of 'what stays here' in the छन्दस् (Vedas) when in the Locative -7th case in construction.
 
-This debars अण्, घ &c [[4.3.53]]. Those affixes also are employed in the alternative, there being much latitude of grammatical rules in the Vedas. Thus the words मेघ्यः꣡ and विदुत्य॑ in the following hymn of the <i>Yajur</i> <i>Veda</i> (16. V. 38): नमा॒॒ मेघ्या॑य च विदुत्या॒॒य च॒॒ ॥ All the <i>sutras</i> henceforward up to the end of the chapter, are Vedic <i>sutras</i>, the word छन्दसि being understood in them all. The word भवे governs all the <i>sutras</i> up to [[4.4.118]].
+This debars अण्, घ &c [[4.3.53]]. Those affixes also are employed in the alternative, there being much latitude of grammatical rules in the Vedas. Thus the words मेघ्यः꣡ and विदुत्य॑ in the following hymn of the <i>Yajur</i> <i>Veda</i> (16. V. 38): नमा॒ मेघ्या॑य च विदुत्या॒य च॒ ॥ All the <i>sutras</i> henceforward up to the end of the chapter, are Vedic <i>sutras</i>, the word छन्दसि being understood in them all. The word भवे governs all the <i>sutras</i> up to [[4.4.118]].