[master] Improve salt-ssh error handling

[lkubb]

Note: This will stay a draft until #64576 finds its way into master (or the regression is fixed otherwise) Since there has been no activity on the referenced PR for months, I went ahead and merged it into this branch to unblock this PR. It's in. :)

What does this PR do?

• Ensures that state rendering is interrupted when an execution module run on the target exits with a non-zero exit code or returns non-decodable or invalid data. Thereby ensures that templates are not rendered with garbage inputs. Wrapper modules will receive an exception and thus will not mistake error returns for remote function output. See salt-ssh swallows exceptions in custom modules #52452 (comment) for details.
• Excludes error returns from mine data, as it is done in usual Salt as well.
• Makes state.* wrappers treat non-decodable json output (usually caused by Salt crashing completely and printing a stacktrace only) as an error condition.
• Ensures salt-ssh job ret events contain all usual data (saw it while reading the code and included the minor fix here, hope that's OK)

What issues does this PR fix or reference?

Fixes: #52452
Fixes: #64531
Fixes: #42065
Fixes: #50727 (last-minute addition: after re-reading the report, I think it's relatively clear why it was not working before and that this should fix it, see test in tests/pytests/integration/ssh/state/test_retcode_state_run_remote_exception.py)

Previous Behavior

• Executing any non-wrapped module inside a template or wrapper module would imply the possibility that errors are evaluated as truthy or randomly rendered salt-ssh error return dicts would mess up the YAML etc. structure when printing the output.
• Mine function returns could contain the same garbage.
• Fatal errors on the remote during state execution would be treated as OK.

New Behavior

• Exceptions are raised when a remote run returns with a non-zero exit code, returns data that indicates failure or if JSON output was expected, but deserialization failed. This causes template rendering to abort and wrapper modules to be confronted with an exception.
• Error returns are excluded from the mine.
• Fatal errors on the remote during state execution return a non-zero exit code.

Merge requirements satisfied?

• Docs
• Changelog - https://docs.saltproject.io/en/master/topics/development/changelog.html
• Tests written/updated

Commits signed with GPG?

Yes

[dwoz]

@lkubb Awesome, lets hope all the tests pass now :D