Much like rust-lang#72584.

As per rust-lang#58957 there's no blocker for this, and I wanted to use this
today :-)

And use `#[doc = include_str!("doc.md")]` in `mod.rs` so the docs are
rendered as if they were inline in the root module.

* Use Markdown list syntax and unindent a bit to prevent Markdown
  interpreting the nested lists as code blocks
* A few more small typographical cleanups

When bumping the bootstrap version, the name of the generated LLVM
shared object file is changed, even though it's the same contents as
before. If bootstrap tries to use an older version, it will get linking
errors:

```
Building rustdoc for stage1 (x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu)
   Compiling rustdoc-tool v0.0.0 (/home/joshua/rustc/src/tools/rustdoc)
error: linking with `cc` failed: exit code: 1
  |
  = note: "cc" "-Wl,--as-needed" ... lots of args ...
  = note: /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lLLVM-12-rust-1.53.0-nightly
          clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

error: could not compile `rustdoc-tool`
```

…-ou-se

stabilize `feature(osstring_ascii)`

This PR stabilizes `feature(osstring_ascii)`.

Fixes rust-lang#70516.

Make NonNull::as_ref (and friends) return refs with unbound lifetimes

# Rationale:

1. The documentation for all of these functions claims that this is what the functions already do, as they all come with this comment:

    > You must enforce Rust's aliasing rules, *since the returned lifetime 'a is arbitrarily chosen* and does not necessarily reflect the actual lifetime of the data...

    So I think it's just a bug that they weren't this way already. Note that had it not been for this part, I wouldn't be making this PR, so if we decide we won't take this change, I'll follow it up with a docs PR to fix this.

2. This is how the equivalent raw pointer functions behave.

    They also take `self` and not `&self`/`&mut self`, but that can't be changed compatibly at this point. This is the next best thing.

3. Without this fix, often code that uses these methods will find it has to expand the lifetime of the result.

    (I can't speak for others but even in unsafe-heavy code, needing to do this unexpectedly is a huge red flag -- if Rust thinks something should have a specific lifetime, I assume it's for a reason)

### Can this cause existing code to be unsound?

I'm confident this can't cause new unsoundness since the reference exists for at most its lifetime, but you get a borrow checker error if you do something that would require/allow the reference to exist past its lifetime.

Additionally, the aliasing rules of a reference only applies while the reference exists.

This *must* be the case, as it is required by the rules used by safe code. (That said, the documentation in this file sort of contradicts it, but I think it's just ambiguity between the lifetime `'a` in `&'a T` and lifetime of the `&'a T` reference itself...)

We are increasing the lifetime of these references, but they should already have hard bounds on that lifetime, or they'd have borrow checker errors.

(CC ``@RalfJung`` because I have gone and done the mistake where I say something definitive about aliasing in Rust which is honestly outside the group of things I should make definitive comments about).

# Caveats

1. This is insta-stable (except for on the unstable functions ofc). I don't think there's any other alternative.

2. I don't believe this is a breaking change in practice. In theory someone could be assigning `NonNull::as_ref` to a function pointer of type `fn(&NonNull<T>) -> &T`. Now they'd need to use a slightly different function pointer type which is (probably) incompatible. This seems pathological, but I guess crater could be used if there are concerns.

3. This has no tests. The old version didn't either that I saw. I could add some stuff that fails to compile without it, if that would be useful.

4. Sometimes the NLL borrow checker gives up and decides lifetimes live till the end of the scope, as opposed to the range where they're used. If this change can cause this to happen more, then my soundness rationale is wrong, and it's likely breaking.

    In practice this seems super unlikely.

Anyway. That was a lot of typing.

Fixes rust-lang#80183

…-things, r=m-ou-se

Implement TrustedLen and TrustedRandomAccess for Range<integer>, array::IntoIter, VecDequeue's iterators

This should make some `FromIterator` and `.zip()` specializations applicable in a few more cases.

``@rustbot`` label libs-impl

…ness, r=m-ou-se

Fix invalid slice access in String::retain

As noted in rust-lang#78499, the previous fix was technically still unsound because it accessed elements of a slice outside its bounds (even though they were still inside the same allocation). This PR addresses that concern by switching to a dropguard approach.

Move `std::sys::unix::platform` to `std::sys::unix::ext`

This moves the operating system dependent alias `platform` (`std::os::{linux, android, ...}`) from `std::sys::unix` to `std::sys::unix::ext` (a.k.a. `std::os::unix`), removing the need for compatibility code in `unix_ext` when documenting on another platform.

This is also a step in making it possible to properly move `std::sys::unix::ext` to `std::os::unix`, as ideally `std::sys` should not depend on the rest of `std`.

slice: Stabilize IterMut::as_slice.

Much like rust-lang#72584.

As per rust-lang#58957 there's no blocker for this, and I wanted to use this
today :-)

Closes rust-lang#58957

…vidtwco

Cleanup LLVM debuginfo module docs

- Move debuginfo docs from `doc.rs` module to `doc.md` file
- Cleanup LLVM debuginfo module docs

Fix ICE with `use clippy::a::b;`

Fixes rust-lang#83317.

Download a more recent LLVM version if `src/version` is modified

When bumping the bootstrap version, the name of the generated LLVM
shared object file is changed, even though it's the same contents as
before. If bootstrap tries to use an older version, it will get linking
errors:

```
Building rustdoc for stage1 (x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu)
   Compiling rustdoc-tool v0.0.0 (/home/joshua/rustc/src/tools/rustdoc)
error: linking with `cc` failed: exit code: 1
  |
  = note: "cc" "-Wl,--as-needed" ... lots of args ...
  = note: /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lLLVM-12-rust-1.53.0-nightly
          clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

error: could not compile `rustdoc-tool`
```

Helps with rust-lang#81930.