Fix cudf::shift to handle offset greater than column size

[davidwendt]

Closes #10314

Fixes logic to handle abs(offset) > input.size() when passed to cudf::shift. As mentioned in #10314 this was causing an unexpected exception:

C++ exception with description "parallel_for failed: cudaErrorInvalidConfiguration: invalid configuration argument" thrown in the test body.

The behavior now fills the entire output column with the input scalar value. If the scalar is null, then the column is filled with null entries. The logic added here did not require changing or adding any new kernel functions. Additional gtests were added to shift_tests.cpp as well.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #10414 (6f85bd0) into branch-22.04 (0be0b00) will increase coverage by 0.01%.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@               Coverage Diff                @@
##           branch-22.04   #10414      +/-   ##
================================================
+ Coverage         86.13%   86.15%   +0.01%     
================================================
  Files               139      139              
  Lines             22438    22434       -4     
================================================
+ Hits              19328    19329       +1     
+ Misses             3110     3105       -5     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
python/cudf/cudf/core/column/column.py	89.22% <ø> (+0.05%)	⬆️
python/cudf/cudf/core/column/string.py	88.39% <0.00%> (+0.12%)	⬆️
python/cudf/cudf/core/groupby/groupby.py	91.57% <0.00%> (+0.22%)	⬆️
python/cudf/cudf/core/tools/datetimes.py	84.49% <0.00%> (+0.30%)	⬆️
python/cudf/cudf/core/column/lists.py	90.56% <0.00%> (+0.47%)	⬆️

---

Continue to review full report at Codecov.

Legend - Click here to learn more
Δ = absolute <relative> (impact), ø = not affected, ? = missing data
Powered by Codecov. Last update a066e7f...6f85bd0. Read the comment docs.

[mythrocks]

LGTM!

[davidwendt]

@gpucibot merge