[FEA] Add Apache Arrow schema for parquet writing

[hyperbolic2346]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
As discussed in issue #6816 it seems necessary to support some sort of schema for writing parquet files. There are cases where the caller has information about the writing that cudf currently doesn't track or has no way to know. Specifically, decimal precision and maps. To prevent clouding that discussion with specifics, I am creating this request for a specific schema, which is Arrow's schema.

Describe the solution you'd like
We should import this schema into cudf. We could build against the Arrow files or import them wholesale. I think building against them is best for maintenance, but adds a dependency on Arrow, which seems undesirable.

Describe alternatives you've considered
We could roll our own schema, but there are multiple reasons to avoid that.

1. People who would use this would probably be moving to GPU from some other system, so adopting a commonly used system seems more useful to people.
2. We would spend a lot of time building and maintaining the schema.

Additional context
Here is a link to the schema that is used in Arrow: https://github.com/apache/arrow/blob/master/cpp/src/parquet/schema.h

[hyperbolic2346]

This has been discussed in the past as well: #3225

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