[FEA] Support passing a Series to list.index()

[randerzander]

Related to #10687

I'm trying to find the indexes of elements within a list column where the value I'm searching for is different for reach row of the DF.

I'd like to be able to pass a cudf Series into list.index().

Example:

import cudf

df = cudf.DataFrame({'overloaded_field':
    ['0,1,2,0', '2,3,0,2,3']
})

# "second max" value within each list
smax = df['overloaded_field'].str.split(',').list.sort_values().list.unique().list.get(-2)
smax
0    1
1    2
Name: overloaded_field, dtype: object

# now trying to find the list index of each smax value
df['overloaded_field'].str.split(',').list.index(smax)

Trace:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [84], in <cell line: 1>()
----> 1 df['overloaded_field'].str.split(',').list.index(smax)

File ~/conda/envs/dsql-4-18/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cudf/core/column/lists.py:459, in ListMethods.index(self, search_key)
    458 def index(self, search_key: ScalarLike) -> ParentType:
--> 459     search_key = cudf.Scalar(search_key)
    460     try:
    461         res = self._return_or_inplace(index_of(self._column, search_key))

File ~/conda/envs/dsql-4-18/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cudf/core/scalar.py:78, in Scalar.__init__(self, value, dtype)
     76     self._device_value = value
     77 else:
---> 78     self._host_value, self._host_dtype = self._preprocess_host_value(
     79         value, dtype
     80     )

File ~/conda/envs/dsql-4-18/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cudf/core/scalar.py:159, in Scalar._preprocess_host_value(self, value, dtype)
    156 if isinstance(value, decimal.Decimal) and dtype is None:
    157     dtype = cudf.Decimal128Dtype._from_decimal(value)
--> 159 value = to_cudf_compatible_scalar(value, dtype=dtype)
    161 if dtype is None:
    162     if not valid:

File ~/conda/envs/dsql-4-18/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cudf/utils/dtypes.py:246, in to_cudf_compatible_scalar(val, dtype)
    243     return val
    245 if not cudf.api.types._is_scalar_or_zero_d_array(val):
--> 246     raise ValueError(
    247         f"Cannot convert value of type {type(val).__name__} "
    248         "to cudf scalar"
    249     )
    251 if isinstance(val, Decimal):
    252     return val

ValueError: Cannot convert value of type Series to cudf scalar