Fix from_arrow to load a sliced arrow table (#12665)

Fixes: #12463 

This PR handles any kind of outdated pandas index metadata in `from_arrow` by ignoring it.

Authors:
  - GALI PREM SAGAR (https://github.com/galipremsagar)

Approvers:
  - Matthew Roeschke (https://github.com/mroeschke)

URL: #12665

python/cudf/cudf/core/dataframe.py

@@ -5173,13 +5173,21 @@ def from_arrow(cls, table):
 
         if index_col:
             if isinstance(index_col[0], dict):
-                out = out.set_index(
-                    cudf.RangeIndex(
-                        index_col[0]["start"],
-                        index_col[0]["stop"],
-                        name=index_col[0]["name"],
-                    )
+                idx = cudf.RangeIndex(
+                    index_col[0]["start"],
+                    index_col[0]["stop"],
+                    name=index_col[0]["name"],
                 )
+                if len(idx) == len(out):
+                    # `idx` is generated from arrow `pandas_metadata`
+                    # which can get out of date with many of the
+                    # arrow operations. Hence verifying if the
+                    # lengths match, or else don't need to set
+                    # an index at all i.e., Default RangeIndex
+                    # will be set.
+                    # See more about the discussion here:
+                    # https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/15178
+                    out = out.set_index(idx)
             else:
                 out = out.set_index(index_col[0])
 

python/cudf/cudf/tests/test_dataframe.py

@@ -10011,3 +10011,17 @@ def test_dataframe_transpose_complex_types(data):
     actual = gdf.T
 
     assert_eq(expected, actual)
+
+
+def test_dataframe_from_arrow_slice():
+    table = pa.Table.from_pandas(
+        pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
+            {"a": ["aa", "bb", "cc"] * 3, "b": [1, 2, 3] * 3}
+        )
+    )
+    table_slice = table.slice(3, 7)
+
+    expected = table_slice.to_pandas()
+    actual = cudf.DataFrame.from_arrow(table_slice)
+
+    assert_eq(expected, actual)