Support Python 3.10 and 3.11

[Saransh-cpp]

Description

Casadi has published a couple of pre-releases with Python 3.10 support - https://pypi.org/project/casadi/3.5.6.pre2/#files!!

Warning
This PR is meant to test PyBaMM's support on Python 3.10. This should not be merged until casadi releases a "non-pre" release.

Fixes # (issue)

Type of change

Please add a line in the relevant section of CHANGELOG.md to document the change (include PR #) - note reverse order of PR #s. If necessary, also add to the list of breaking changes.

• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Optimization (back-end change that speeds up the code)
• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)

Key checklist:

• No style issues: $ flake8
• All tests pass: $ python run-tests.py --unit
• The documentation builds: $ cd docs and then $ make clean; make html

You can run all three at once, using $ python run-tests.py --quick.

Further checks:

• Code is commented, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• Tests added that prove fix is effective or that feature works

[Saransh-cpp]

More specifically, before merging this PR, we should remove this, and this can be removed once casadi publishes a "non-pre" release.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Patch and project coverage have no change.

Comparison is base (c81afee) 99.69% compared to head (c714f59) 99.69%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##           develop    #2435   +/-   ##
========================================
  Coverage    99.69%   99.69%           
========================================
  Files          273      273           
  Lines        19071    19071           
========================================
  Hits         19012    19012           
  Misses          59       59           

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[brosaplanella]

Shall we also try Python 3.11?

[Saransh-cpp]

Looks like this is working! Will rebase once #2859 is merged and this should be ready for a review then.

[Saransh-cpp]

Also, should there be a CHANGELOG entry for #2346? Saying something like - "PyBaMM is now natively supported on Apple silicon chips"?

Edit: I think we should also bump the minimum casadi version to 3.6.

[brosaplanella]

Looks great, thanks! Yes, I think we should add a line in CHANGELOG about Mac.

[valentinsulzer]

Thanks! merging

[qnovo-tissa]

Hi there, Considering that the support for Python 3.10 is listed here as "unreleased", would that mean that I cannot currently use PyBamm with Python 3.10? If I can, please help explain how to do so. If I cannot, could you please let me know approximately when the support for 3.10 would be released?
Thanks,

[brosaplanella]

At the moment it is only available if you install from source, but we aim to make a release in the next few days.