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feature: update docs for v1.3.0
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Signed-off-by: Terry Howe <[email protected]>
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8 changes: 8 additions & 0 deletions versioned_docs/version-1.3/client_libraries/_category_.json
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{
"label": "Client Libraries",
"position": 40,
"link": {
"type": "generated-index",
"description": "The following languages are currently supported:"
}
}
55 changes: 55 additions & 0 deletions versioned_docs/version-1.3/client_libraries/go.mdx
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---
title: Go
sidebar_position: 1
---

# Go

Source code: [github.com/oras-project/oras-go](https://github.com/oras-project/oras-go)

## Introduction

The ORAS Go client library provides the ability to replicate artifacts between different [Targets](./overview.mdx#target).
Furthermore, the version `v2` is a registry client conforming [image-spec v1.1.0-rc6](https://github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/releases/tag/v1.1.0-rc6) and [distribution-spec v1.1.0-rc4](https://github.com/opencontainers/distribution-spec/releases/tag/v1.1.0-rc4).

Using the ORAS Go client library, you can develop your own registry client:

```sh
myclient push artifacts.example.com/myartifact:1.0 ./mything.thang
```

## Usage

The package `oras.land/oras-go/v2` can quickly be imported in other Go-based tools that
wish to benefit from the ability to store arbitrary content in container registries.

1. Get the `oras.land/oras-go/v2` package
```sh
go get oras.land/oras-go/v2
```

2. Import and use the `v2` package
```go
import "oras.land/oras-go/v2"
```

3. Run
```sh
go mod tidy
```

**The API documentation and examples are available at [pkg.go.dev](https://pkg.go.dev/oras.land/oras-go/v2).**

## Quick Start

### Push files to a remote repository
See [this example](https://pkg.go.dev/oras.land/oras-go/v2#example-package-PushFilesToRemoteRepository).

### Pull files from a remote repository
See [this example](https://pkg.go.dev/oras.land/oras-go/v2#example-package-PullFilesFromRemoteRepository).

### Pull a docker or OCI image from a remote repository
See [this example](https://pkg.go.dev/oras.land/oras-go/v2#example-package-PullImageFromRemoteRepository).

### Pull an Image using the Docker credential store
See [this example](https://pkg.go.dev/oras.land/oras-go/v2#example-package-PullImageUsingDockerCredentials).
119 changes: 119 additions & 0 deletions versioned_docs/version-1.3/client_libraries/img/polytree.svg
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128 changes: 128 additions & 0 deletions versioned_docs/version-1.3/client_libraries/overview.mdx
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---
title: Overview
sidebar_position: 0
---

# Overview

## Languages

The following languages are currently supported:

- [Go](./go.mdx)
- [Python](https://oras-project.github.io/oras-py/getting_started/user-guide.html)
- [Rust](./rust.mdx) (in progress)
- [C#](https://oras-project.github.io/oras-dotnet/api)

## Unified Experience

The objective of ORAS is simple as transferring artifacts from one place to another.

In the conventional [client-server model](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client%E2%80%93server_model), the operation of downloading artifacts from the remote registries is referred to as **pull**, and the operation of uploading artifacts to the remote registry is referred to as **push**.

This model can be generalized by abstracting the client and the server as **targets** so that pull and push can be viewed as **copying** from one target to another (see [**Copy API** oras-project/oras-go#8](https://github.com/oras-project/oras-go/pull/8)).
For instances,

- Copy from memory to a remote registry.
- Copy from a remote registry to a local file folder.
- Copy from a remote registry to another remote registry.
- Copy from memory to a local file folder.

### Targets

Generally, a target is a [content-addressable storage (CAS)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content-addressable_storage) with tags.
All blobs in a CAS are addressed by their [descriptors](https://github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/blob/v1.1.0-rc2/descriptor.md).

To retrieve a blob,

1. Get a descriptor. Optionally, it can be resolved by a tag.
2. Query the blob with a descriptor.

To store a blob,

1. Store the blob directly in the CAS. A descriptor will be returned.
2. Optionally, associate the returned descriptor with a tag.

It is worth noting that a target is not equal to a registry.

- Blobs can be tagged in a target but not in a registry.
- Tag list is available in a registry but not always available in a target.

### Graphs

Besides plain blobs, it is natural to store [directed acyclic graphs (DAGs)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed_acyclic_graph) in a CAS.
Precisely, all blobs are leaf nodes and most manifests are non-leaf nodes.

An artifact is a rooted DAG where its root node is an [OCI manifest](https://github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/blob/v1.1.0-rc2/manifest.md) or an [OCI Artifact Manifest](https://github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/blob/v1.1.0-rc2/artifact.md).
Additionally, artifacts can be grouped by an [OCI index](https://github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/blob/v1.1.0-rc2/image-index.md), which is also a rooted DAG.

Given a node of a DAG in a CAS, it is efficient to find out all its children.
Since CASs are usually not enumerable or indexed, it is not possible to find the parent nodes of an arbitrary node.
Nevertheless, some CASs choose to implement or partially implement the functionality of parent node finding.
For instances, registries with [Referrers API](https://github.com/opencontainers/distribution-spec/blob/v1.1.0-rc1/spec.md#listing-referrers) support are CASs with partially implementation where parent node finding is only available for manifest nodes.

### Extended Copy

With the concepts above, we can formally define that

- **Copy** is a function to replicate a rooted DAG from one CAS to another.
- **Extended Copy** is a function to replicate a DAG from one CAS to another.

It is worth noting that extended copy is possible only if the source CAS supports parent node finding.
Based on the scenarios, extended copy can have many options such as opting to copy a sub-DAG rooted by a certain node and all its parent nodes of a certain depth with / without their children.

Optionally, node filters or even node modifiers can be attached to a copy process for advanced scenarios.

Related issues:

- [**Support copy of images and associated references** oras-project/oras-go#29](https://github.com/oras-project/oras-go/issues/29)
- [**Copy Artifact Reference Graph** oras-project/oras#307](https://github.com/oras-project/oras/issues/307)

Hint: A [polytree](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytree) is a DAG.

![polytree](./img/polytree.svg)

## Paradigms

🚧 *Note: this section is contingent on
[oras-project/oras-go#8](https://github.com/oras-project/oras-go/pull/8) and
does not represent the current state of the ORAS Go client library.*

At a high-level, each client library provides the concept of a `Target` interface
and a `Copy` method. `Copy` transfers content from one `Target` to another.

### `Target`

A `Target` represents a place to which one can send/push or retrieve/pull artifacts.
Anything that implements this interface can be used as a place to send
or retrieve artifacts.

Some examples of a `Target` may include the following:

- An OCI Registry
- An [OCI Image Layout](https://github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/blob/v1.1.0-rc2/image-layout.md)
- A local collection of files

### `Copy`

`Copy` copies a rooted DAG identified by a reference from one `Target` to another `Target`.

#### Method signature

The following is a rough method signature based on the Go version:

```go
func Copy(from Target, fromRef string, to Target, toRef string) Descriptor
```

### `ExtendedCopy`

`Copy` copies a DAG reachable from a node identified by a reference from one `Target` to another `Target`.

#### Method signature

The following is a rough method signature based on the Go version:

```go
func ExtendedCopy(from Target, fromRef string, to Target, toRef string) Descriptor
```
9 changes: 9 additions & 0 deletions versioned_docs/version-1.3/client_libraries/python.mdx
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---
title: Python
sidebar_position: 2
---


# Python

See [Oras Python](https://oras-project.github.io/oras-py/getting_started/user-guide.html).
14 changes: 14 additions & 0 deletions versioned_docs/version-1.3/client_libraries/rust.mdx
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---
title: Rust
sidebar_position: 3
---

# Rust

### Crate

- [crates.io/crates/oci-client](https://crates.io/crates/oci-client)

### Repository

- [github.com/oras-project/rust-oci-client](https://github.com/oras-project/rust-oci-client)
8 changes: 8 additions & 0 deletions versioned_docs/version-1.3/commands/_category_.json
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{
"label": "ORAS Commands",
"position": 30,
"link": {
"type": "generated-index",
"description": "A guide to ORAS Commands"
}
}
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