zpool reports 16E expandsize on disks with oddball number of sectors

The issue is caused by a small discrepancy in how userland creates the
partition layout and the kernel estimates available space:

 * zpool command: subtract 9M from the usable device size, then align
   to 1M boundary. 9M is the sum of 1M "start" partition alignment + 8M
   EFI "reserved" partition.

 * kernel module: subtract 10M from the device size. 10M is the sum of
   1M "start" partition alignment + 1m "end" partition alignment + 8M
   EFI "reserved" partition.

For devices where the number of sectors is not a multiple of the
alignment size the zpool command will create a partition layout which
reserves less than 1M after the 8M EFI "reserved" partition:

  Disk /dev/sda: 1024 MiB, 1073739776 bytes, 2097148 sectors
  Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  Disklabel type: gpt
  Disk identifier: 49811D40-16F4-4E41-84A9-387703950D7F

  Device       Start     End Sectors  Size Type
  /dev/sda1     2048 2078719 2076672 1014M Solaris /usr & Apple ZFS
  /dev/sda9  2078720 2095103   16384    8M Solaris reserved 1

When the kernel module vdev_open() the device its max_asize ends up
being slightly smaller than asize: this results in a huge number (16E)
reported by metaslab_class_expandable_space().

This change prevents bdev_max_capacity() from returing a size smaller
than bdev_capacity().

Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: George Wilson <[email protected]>
Reviewed by: Sara Hartse <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: loli10K <[email protected]>
Closes #1468 
Closes #8391

module/zfs/vdev.c

@@ -1645,6 +1645,17 @@ vdev_open(vdev_t *vd)
 
 	error = vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_open(vd, &osize, &max_osize, &ashift);
 
+	/*
+	 * Physical volume size should never be larger than its max size, unless
+	 * the disk has shrunk while we were reading it or the device is buggy
+	 * or damaged: either way it's not safe for use, bail out of the open.
+	 */
+	if (osize > max_osize) {
+		vdev_set_state(vd, B_TRUE, VDEV_STATE_CANT_OPEN,
+		    VDEV_AUX_OPEN_FAILED);
+		return (SET_ERROR(ENXIO));
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Reset the vdev_reopening flag so that we actually close
 	 * the vdev on error.

module/zfs/vdev_disk.c

@@ -108,6 +108,10 @@ bdev_capacity(struct block_device *bdev)
  * case, and updating the partition table if appropriate.  Once the partition
  * size has been increased the additional capacity will be visible using
  * bdev_capacity().
+ *
+ * The returned maximum expansion capacity is always expected to be larger, or
+ * at the very least equal, to its usable capacity to prevent overestimating
+ * the pool expandsize.
  */
 static uint64_t
 bdev_max_capacity(struct block_device *bdev, uint64_t wholedisk)
@@ -122,14 +126,17 @@ bdev_max_capacity(struct block_device *bdev, uint64_t wholedisk)
 		 * alignment restrictions.  Over reporting this value isn't
 		 * harmful and would only result in slightly less capacity
 		 * than expected post expansion.
+		 * The estimated available space may be slightly smaller than
+		 * bdev_capacity() for devices where the number of sectors is
+		 * not a multiple of the alignment size and the partition layout
+		 * is keeping less than PARTITION_END_ALIGNMENT bytes after the
+		 * "reserved" EFI partition: in such cases return the device
+		 * usable capacity.
 		 */
 		available = i_size_read(bdev->bd_contains->bd_inode) -
 		    ((EFI_MIN_RESV_SIZE + NEW_START_BLOCK +
 		    PARTITION_END_ALIGNMENT) << SECTOR_BITS);
-		if (available > 0)
-			psize = available;
-		else
-			psize = bdev_capacity(bdev);
+		psize = MAX(available, bdev_capacity(bdev));
 	} else {
 		psize = bdev_capacity(bdev);
 	}