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* Updatng troubleshooting document

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Co-authored-by: Luca Comellini <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jason Williams - NGIИX <[email protected]>

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* Restructure, rename and rewrite various troubleshooting documents

This commit adds the changes I have made thus far to the troubleshooting
section of NGINX Ingress Controller's documentation: there is more to be
done yet, but I am pushing these changes for others to see.

The product naming is inconsistent, as is the layout of the pages -
often, appropriate markdown is not used where it would make sense to,
and formatting is otherwise missing.

I will continue to update the documentation to fix these instances.

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---------

Signed-off-by: Jason Williams - NGIИX <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Alan Dooley <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
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200 changes: 200 additions & 0 deletions docs/content/troubleshooting/troubleshoot-common.md
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---
title: "Troubleshooting Common Issues"
date: 2021-07-13T21:01:29-06:00
description: "This page describes how to troubleshoot common problems with NGINX Ingress Controller."
weight: 100
draft: false
toc: true
tags: [ "docs" ]
doctypes: ["troubleshooting"]
aliases:
- /content/troubleshooting/troubleshoot-ingress-controller
---

## Common Problems

The table below shows common problems with NGINX Ingress Controller you may encounter and how to address them. The following section explains how to gather additional information, and there is instruction available on fixing specific issues within the troubleshooting section of documentation.

{{% table %}}
| Problem Area | Symptom | Troubleshooting Method | Common Cause |
|-----|-----|-----|-----|
| Startup | NGINX Ingress Controller fails to start. | Check the logs. | Misconfigured RBAC, a missing default server TLS Secret.|
| Ingress Resource and Annotations | The configuration is not applied | Check the events of the Ingress resource, check the logs, check the generated config. | Invalid values of annotations. |
| VirtualServer and VirtualServerRoute Resources | The configuration is not applied. | Check the events of the VirtualServer and VirtualServerRoutes, check the logs, check the generated config. | VirtualServer or VirtualServerRoute is invalid. |
| Policy Resource | The configuration is not applied. | Check the events of the Policy resource as well as the events of the VirtualServers that reference that policy, check the logs, check the generated config. | Policy is invalid. |
| ConfigMap Keys | The configuration is not applied. | Check the events of the ConfigMap, check the logs, check the generated config. | Invalid values of ConfigMap keys. |
| NGINX | NGINX responds with unexpected responses. | Check the logs, check the generated config, check the live activity dashboard (NGINX Plus only), run NGINX in the debug mode. | Unhealthy backend pods, a misconfigured backend service. |
{{% /table %}}

## Troubleshooting Methods

The commands in the next sections make the following assumptions:
* That NGINX Ingress Controller is deployed in the namespace `nginx-ingress`.
* `<nginx-ingress-pod>` is the name of one of the NGINX Ingress Controller pods.

### Checking NGINX Ingress Controller Logs

To check NGINX Ingress Controller logs, which include both information from NGINX Ingress Controller and NGINX's access and error logs, run the following command:

```shell
kubectl logs <nginx-ingress-pod> -n nginx-ingress
```

### Checking the Generated Config
For each Ingress/VirtualServer resource, NGINX Ingress Controller generates a corresponding NGINX configuration file in the `/etc/nginx/conf.d folder`.

Additionally, NGINX Ingress Controller generates the main configuration file `/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`, which includes all the configurations files from `/etc/nginx/conf.d`. The configuration for a VirtualServerRoute resource is located in the configuration file of the VirtualServer that references the resource.

You can view the content of the main configuration file by running:

```shell
kubectl exec <nginx-ingress-pod> -n nginx-ingress -- cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
```

Similarly, you can view the content of any generated configuration file in the `/etc/nginx/conf.d` folder.

You can also print all NGINX configuration files together:

```shell
kubectl exec <nginx-ingress-pod> -n nginx-ingress -- nginx -T
```

However, this command will fail if any of the configuration files is not valid.

### Checking the Live Activity Monitoring Dashboard

The live activity monitoring dashboard shows the real-time information about NGINX Plus and the applications it is load balancing, which is helpful for troubleshooting. To access the dashboard, follow the steps from [here](/nginx-ingress-controller/logging-and-monitoring/status-page).

### Enabling debugging for NGINX Ingress Controller

For additional NGINX Ingress Controller debugging, you can enable debug settings to get more verbose logging.

Increasing the debug log levels for NGINX Ingress Controller will also apply to NGINX itself.

There are two settings that need to be set to enable more verbose logging for NGINX Ingress Controller:

1. Command Line Arguments
2. Configmap Settings

**Command Line Arguments**

When using `manifest` for deployment, use the command line argument `-nginx-debug` in your deployment or daemonset.

If you want to increase the verbosity of the NGINX Ingress Controller process, you can also add the `-v` parameter.

Here is a small snippet of setting these command line arguments in the `args` section of a deployment:

```yaml
args:
- -nginx-configmaps=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/nginx-config
- -enable-cert-manager
- -nginx-debug
- -v=3
```
**ConfigMap Settings**
You can configure `error-log-level` in the NGINX Ingress Controller `configMap`:

```yaml
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: nginx-config
namespace: nginx-ingress
data:
error-log-level: "debug"
```

**Using Helm**

If you are using `helm`, you can adjust these two settings:

```
controller.nginxDebug = true or false
controller.loglevel = 1 to 3 value
```

For example, if using a `values.yaml` file:

```yaml
## Enables debugging for NGINX. Uses the nginx-debug binary. Requires error-log-level: debug in ConfigMap via `controller.config.entries`.
nginxDebug: true

## The log level of the Ingress Controller.
logLevel: 3
```
This is a more complete `values.yaml` file when using `helm`:

```yaml
controller:
kind: Deployment
nginxDebug: true
logLevel: 3
annotations:
nginx: ingress-prod
pod:
annotations:
prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
prometheus.io/port: "9113"
prometheus.io/scheme: http
extraLabels:
env: prod-weset
nginxplus: plus
image:
repository: nginx/nginx-ingress
tag: 2.4.1
# NGINX Configmap
config:
entries:
error-log-level: "debug"
proxy_connet_timeout: "5s"
http-snippets: |
underscores_in_headers on;
ingressClass: nginx
```

By enabling the `nginx-debug` CLI argument and changing the `error-log-level` to `debug`, you can capture more output to use for debugging.

**NOTE**: It is recommended to only enable `nginx-debug` CLI and the `error-log-level` for debugging purposes.

#### Example debug NGINX Ingress Controller Output
These logs show some of the additional entries when debugging is enabled for NGINX Ingress Controller.

```shell
I1026 15:39:03.269092 1 manager.go:301] Reloading nginx with configVersion: 1
I1026 15:39:03.269115 1 utils.go:17] executing /usr/sbin/nginx-debug -s reload -e stderr
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [notice] 19#19: signal 1 (SIGHUP) received from 42, reconfiguring
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: wake up, sigio 0
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [notice] 19#19: reconfiguring
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: posix_memalign: 000056362AF0A420:16384 @16
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: add cleanup: 000056362AF0C318
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: posix_memalign: 000056362AF48230:16384 @16
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AF00DE0:4096
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: read: 46, 000056362AF00DE0, 3090, 0
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: posix_memalign: 000056362AF58670:16384 @16
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AF12440:4280
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AF13500:4280
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AF145C0:4280
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AF5C680:4280
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AF5D740:4280
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AF5E800:4280
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: posix_memalign: 000056362AF5F8C0:16384 @16
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AF41500:4096
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AF638D0:8192
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: include /etc/nginx/mime.types
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: include /etc/nginx/mime.types
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AF658E0:4096
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AF668F0:5349
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: read: 47, 000056362AF658E0, 4096, 0
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AF67DE0:4096
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: read: 47, 000056362AF658E1, 1253, 4096
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: posix_memalign: 000056362AF68DF0:16384 @16
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: posix_memalign: 000056362AF6CE00:16384 @16
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AF70E10:524288
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362AFF0E20:524288
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362B070E30:524288
2022/10/26 15:39:03 [debug] 19#19: malloc: 000056362B0F0E40:400280
```

Once you have completed your debugging process, you can change the values back to the original values.
43 changes: 43 additions & 0 deletions docs/content/troubleshooting/troubleshoot-configmap-policy.md
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---
title: Troubleshooting Policy Resources
description: "This page describes how to troubleshoot NGINX Ingress Controller Policy Resources."
weight: 200
doctypes: [""]
toc: true
---

## Policy Resources

After you create or update a Policy resource, you can use `kubectl describe` to check whether or not NGINX Ingress Controller accepted the policy:

```shell
kubectl describe pol webapp-policy

Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal AddedOrUpdated 11s nginx-ingress-controller Policy default/webapp-policy was added or updated
```

The events section has a *Normal* event with the *AddedOrUpdated reason*, indicating the policy was successfully accepted.

However, the fact that a policy was accepted doesn’t guarantee that the NGINX configuration was successfully applied.

To verify the configuration applied, check the events of the [VirtualServer and VirtualServerRoute resources](/nginx-ingress-controller/troubleshooting/troubleshoot-virtualserver) that reference the policy.

## ConfigMap Resources
After you update the ConfigMap resource, you can immediately check if the configuration was successfully applied by NGINX:

```shell
kubectl describe configmap nginx-config -n nginx-ingress
Name: nginx-config
Namespace: nginx-ingress
Labels: <none>

Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Updated 11s (x2 over 26m) nginx-ingress-controller Configuration from nginx-ingress/nginx-config was updated
```

Similar to *Policies*, the events section has a *Normal* event with the *AddedOrUpdated reason*, indicating the policy was successfully accepted.
148 changes: 0 additions & 148 deletions docs/content/troubleshooting/troubleshoot-ingress-controller.md
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