REFACTOR-#5425: Unify internal usage of axis parameter and named kwargs

[noloerino]

Signed-off-by: Jonathan Shi [email protected]

What do these changes do?

This makes the internal usage of the "axis" keyword argument more consistent, and forces callers of most dataframe/partition manager apply and broadcast methods to name keyword arguments in most situation, to avoid possible confusion and subtle bugs from when argument orders are mistakenly swapped.

The new orders are as follows:

Dataframe: apply_*(func, axis, ... [other kwargs])
Partition manager: apply_*(partitions, func, axis, ... [other kwargs])

The rationale for placing func in front of axis is to more closely align with the way non-axis apply methods (like modin_dataframe.map are called.

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• passes flake8 modin/ asv_bench/benchmarks scripts/doc_checker.py
• passes black --check modin/ asv_bench/benchmarks scripts/doc_checker.py
• signed commit with git commit -s
• Resolves REFACTOR: Unify internal usage of axis parameter and named kwargs #5425
• tests added and passing
• module layout described at docs/development/architecture.rst is up-to-date