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Add "forage_behavior" description type to bees
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floogulinc committed Mar 9, 2021
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3 changes: 2 additions & 1 deletion bees.json
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"activity": "While queens, workers, males, and gynes are active at different times, bumble bees are generally active from early April to mid-October.",
"species": " In the US and Canada there are about 50 species of Bombus bees.",
"brood": "Nests are started in the spring by gynes (inseminated females) that have mated with males at the end of summer or early autumn the previous season. For about two weeks, gynes forage on flowers after mating to build fat stores until they find an overwintering site. In early spring the gynes emerge to forage and search for a nesting site. Once gynes find a suitable nest, they create a wax nectar pot to store nectar. Wax is secreted from galds between the abdominal segments on the bottom of their abdomen. When it is too cold to forage, the nectar pots provides food for the bees. The colony continues to grow in numbers and size as the season progresses and as more workers are produced to forage and rear offspring within the nest. In order to produce male bees, the queen lays unfertilized eggs starting in June or July. She also lays fertilized eggs producing gynes that are fed more pollen than workers. Gynes become the queen next growing season. Like other native bees, once the males leave the nest as adults, they do not return to the nest or help with any provisioning duties. Their role is to mate with the gynes produced from other colonies. After mating, the males perish within a few weeks; the new gynes, however, overwinter, establishing a colony the following spring. The queen and her workers in the nest also perish after a hard frost.",
"forage": "Because bumble bees form an annual social colony with bees active throughout the growing season, the plants they forage on and collect provisions from vary widely. When bumble bees are out foraging for provisions, they often demonstrate floral constancy: foraging from one flower to the next of the same plant species. This behavior makes them very effective pollinators as they move pollen from flower to flower of the same species, ultimately contributing to the cross-pollination of plants. Annuals and Perennials: Anise Hyssop (Agastache foeniculum), Prairie Onion (Allium stellatum), Wild Columbine (Aquilegia canadensis), Milkweed (Asclepias spp.), Canada Milkvetch (Astragalus canadensis), White Indigo (Baptisia spp.), Partridge Pea (Chamaecrista fasciculata), White Turtlehead (Chelone glabra), Prairie Clover (Dalea spp.), Wild Larkspur (Delphinium virescens), Canada Tick Trefoil (Desmodium canadense), Shooting Star (Dodecatheon meadia), Coneflower (Echinacea spp.), Spotted Joe Pye Weed (Eutrochium maculatum), Wild Geranium (Geranium maculatum), Prairie Smoke (Geum triflorum), Sneezeweed (Helenium autumnale), Virginia Waterleaf (Hydrophyllum virginianum), Bottle Gentian (Gentiana andrewsii), Blazingstar (Liatris spp.), Blue Lobelia (Lobelia siphilitica), Wild Lupine (Lupinus perennis), Wild Bergamot (Monarda fistulosa), Beardtongue (Penstemon spp.), Obedient Plant (Physostegia virginiana), Jacob’s Ladder (Polemonium reptans), Solomon’s Seal (Polygonatum spp.), Gray-headed Coneflower (Ratibida pinnata), Black-Eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta), Wild Senna (Senna hebecarpa), Goldenrod (Solidago spp.), Aster (Symphyotrichum spp.), Spiderwort (Tradescantia spp.), Common Ironweed (Vernonia fasciculata), Culver’s Root (Veronicastrum virginicum), Vervain (Verbena spp.), Golden Alexanders (Zizia aurea). Shrubs: Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa), New Jersey Tea (Ceanothus americanus), Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis), Leadplant/False Indigo (Amorpha spp.), Gray Dogwood (Cornus racemosa), Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus sericea), Bush Honeysuckle (Diervilla lonicera), Sumac (Rhus spp.), Willox (Salix spp.), Smooth Wild Rose (Rosa blanda), Prickly Ash (Zanthoxylum americanum). Trees: Buckeye (Aesculus spp.), Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis), Kentucky Coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus), Tulip Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), American Plum (Prunus americana), Black Cherry (Prunus serotina), American Bladdernut (Staphylea trifolia), American Basswood (Tilia americana).",
"forage_behavior": "Because bumble bees form an annual social colony with bees active throughout the growing season, the plants they forage on and collect provisions from vary widely. When bumble bees are out foraging for provisions, they often demonstrate floral constancy: foraging from one flower to the next of the same plant species. This behavior makes them very effective pollinators as they move pollen from flower to flower of the same species, ultimately contributing to the cross-pollination of plants.",
"forage": "Annuals and Perennials: Anise Hyssop (Agastache foeniculum), Prairie Onion (Allium stellatum), Wild Columbine (Aquilegia canadensis), Milkweed (Asclepias spp.), Canada Milkvetch (Astragalus canadensis), White Indigo (Baptisia spp.), Partridge Pea (Chamaecrista fasciculata), White Turtlehead (Chelone glabra), Prairie Clover (Dalea spp.), Wild Larkspur (Delphinium virescens), Canada Tick Trefoil (Desmodium canadense), Shooting Star (Dodecatheon meadia), Coneflower (Echinacea spp.), Spotted Joe Pye Weed (Eutrochium maculatum), Wild Geranium (Geranium maculatum), Prairie Smoke (Geum triflorum), Sneezeweed (Helenium autumnale), Virginia Waterleaf (Hydrophyllum virginianum), Bottle Gentian (Gentiana andrewsii), Blazingstar (Liatris spp.), Blue Lobelia (Lobelia siphilitica), Wild Lupine (Lupinus perennis), Wild Bergamot (Monarda fistulosa), Beardtongue (Penstemon spp.), Obedient Plant (Physostegia virginiana), Jacob’s Ladder (Polemonium reptans), Solomon’s Seal (Polygonatum spp.), Gray-headed Coneflower (Ratibida pinnata), Black-Eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta), Wild Senna (Senna hebecarpa), Goldenrod (Solidago spp.), Aster (Symphyotrichum spp.), Spiderwort (Tradescantia spp.), Common Ironweed (Vernonia fasciculata), Culver’s Root (Veronicastrum virginicum), Vervain (Verbena spp.), Golden Alexanders (Zizia aurea). Shrubs: Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa), New Jersey Tea (Ceanothus americanus), Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis), Leadplant/False Indigo (Amorpha spp.), Gray Dogwood (Cornus racemosa), Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus sericea), Bush Honeysuckle (Diervilla lonicera), Sumac (Rhus spp.), Willox (Salix spp.), Smooth Wild Rose (Rosa blanda), Prickly Ash (Zanthoxylum americanum). Trees: Buckeye (Aesculus spp.), Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis), Kentucky Coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus), Tulip Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), American Plum (Prunus americana), Black Cherry (Prunus serotina), American Bladdernut (Staphylea trifolia), American Basswood (Tilia americana).",
"features": "Black hairs on the head, thorax, and abdomen combined with yellow, white, rusty brown, or orange hairs; stout body; clypeus without hair and shiny. Similar or differing hair coloration patterns for queens, workers, and males. Females have a pollen basket. Wing color ranges from light brown, clear, and black. Males often have larger eyes and are longer in length than females; slender hind legs that lack pollen baskets; long hair on clypeus that hangs over mandibles.",
"did_you_know": "Bumble bees can forage for both pollen and nectar in cool temperatures; they warm their body by vibrating their flight muscles, the same muscles used in buzz pollination. Bumble bees have a number of physiological traits that allow them to collect or forage for provisions on a wide range of flower forms. These include: long tongues, a large size, the ability to sonicate (buzz-pollinate) flowers, and abundant hairs for cooler weather. Bumble bees play a vital role in the pollination of many agricultural crops such as apples, cherries, plums, currants, gooseberries, tomatoes, eggplants, blueberries, and cranberries. Many of these crops require sonication to extract pollen from the flowers. This means that a bumble bee carries more pollen from flower to flower and it increases the probability of successful pollination and fruit set. Sonicating bees can also visit more flowers in a shorter time than other bees.",
"chosen_bee": "Bombus affinis"
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4 changes: 4 additions & 0 deletions bees.schema.json
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"type": "string",
"minLength": 1
},
"forage_behavior": {
"type": "string",
"minLength": 1
},
"features": {
"type": "string",
"minLength": 1
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