added code

README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+## [Máster en Ingeniería Web por la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (miw-upm)](http://miw.etsisi.upm.es)
+## Back-end con Tecnologías de Código Abierto (BETCA).
+> Este proyecto es un apoyo docente de la asignatura y contiene ejemplos prácticos sobre Python
+
+### Tecnologías necesarias
+`Python` `GitHub` 
+
+### :gear: Instalación del proyecto
+1. Clonar el repositorio en tu equipo, **mediante consola**:
+```sh
+> cd <folder path>
+> git clone https://github.com/miw-upm/betca-python
+```
+2. Importar el proyecto mediante **PyCharm**
+   1. **Open**, y seleccionar la carpeta del proyecto.
+   1. Instalar las dependencias 

config.env

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+ENVIRONMENT=prod
+
+DEV_VAR=value-on-dev
+DEV_JWT_SECRET=secret-to-test
+
+PROD_VAR=value-on-production
+PROD_JWT_SECRET=secret-${USERNAME}

language/1_hello_world.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Hello World
+"""
+Hello World!!!
+"""
+print('Hello world!')

language/variables.py → language/2_variables.py

@@ -1,24 +1,29 @@
-import datetime
+from datetime import date
 
 # types: str, int, float, complex, bool, list, tuple, range, dict, set, frozenset, bytes, bytearray, memoryview
-str_var: str  # STATIC var is not defined, it is not possible to use until creating with =
-str_var = 'string'  # DYNAMIC. str_var is created. It's possible  "string", esc==\
-var = 5  # var is created
+str_var: str  # STATIC var is not defined, it is not possible to use until creating with '='
+# print(str_var) ERROR!!!
+str_var = 'string'  # DYNAMIC. str_var is created. It is possible use '...' or "...", esc==\
+
+var = 5  # var is created, it is var = int(5)
 null_var = None  # None is null and var is created
 casting_var = str(var)  # casting: str(), float()...
 i = 3 + 2j  # complex: i.real, i.imag ...
-var = 'other'  # dynamic type
+var = 'other'  # dynamic type: from int to str
+
 # One line: one sentence. With \ the line continue
 large_str = '''line one\
 line one & end of line
 other line'''  # '\' without end of line
-print(large_str[-10:-5])  # Use negative indexes to start from the end of the string
-print(large_str[0:5])
-print(large_str[5:])
+print('1- ', large_str[-10:-5])  # Use negative indexes to start from the end of the string
+print('2- ', large_str[0:5])
+print('3- ', large_str[5:])
+print('4- ', large_str[:])  # it is copy
 age = 36
-anniversary = datetime.date(1991, 10, 12)
-txt = f"My name is \"John\", and I am {age}, my anniversary is {anniversary:%A, %B %d, %Y}"
-print('text {}'.format(age))
+anniversary = date(1991, 10, 12)
+txt = f"My name is \"John\", and I am {age}, my anniversary is {anniversary:%A, %B %d, %Y}"  # \ is esc
+print('5- ', 'text {}'.format(age))
+print('6- ', f'text {age}')
 
 my_list = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]  # list .append .extend .remove .pop .popleft .clear .reverse ...
 my_tuple = "apple", "banana", "cherry"  # tuple immutable
@@ -29,3 +34,8 @@
 my_set_immutable = frozenset({"apple", "banana", "cherry"})  # set immutable
 
 bytes_var = b'byte'
+
+print('7- type of str_var: ', type(str_var))
+print('8- type of age: ', type(age))
+print('9- type of anniversary: ', type(anniversary))
+print('10- type of bytes_var: ', type(bytes_var))

language/3_operators.py

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+# Arithmetic operators: +, -, *, /, //, %, **
+var = 5
+print('1- ', '5/2 = ', var / 2)
+print('2- ', '5//2 = ', var // 2)
+print('3- ', '5%2 = ', var % 2)
+print('4- ', '5**2 = ', var ** 2)
+
+# Assignment operators: =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, //=, **=, &=, |=, ^=, >>=, <<=
+var *= 3
+print('5- ', 'var *=3 ', var)
+
+# Logical operators: and, or, not, ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=, is is not
+print('6- ', '17>15>12 = ', 17 > var > 12)
+
+# Bitwise Operators: &, |, ^, ~, <<, >>

language/flows.py → language/4_flows.py

@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
-# Flows
 g = 1
 if g < 0:
     g = 0
-    print('Negative changed to zero')
+    print('1- ', 'Negative changed to zero')
 elif g == 0:
-    print('Zero')
+    print('1- ', 'Zero')
 else:
-    print('More')
+    print('1- ', 'More')
 
 # Loop: break & continue & else
 words = ['cat', 'window', 'defenestrate']
 for w in words:
-    print(w)
+    print('2- ', w)
 
 for i in range(0, 10, 2):
-    print(i)
+    print('3- ', i)
 
 while g < 10:
+    print('4- ', g)
     g += 1

language/5_dicts.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# dict: len(my_dict), my_dict['name'] or my_dict.get("name"), .keys(), .values(), .clear(), .copy()
+my_dict = {"name": "John", "age": 36, "dni": 12345678, "role": None}
+print('1- ', my_dict.keys())
+print('1- ', my_dict.values())
+
+for key in my_dict.keys():
+    print('2- ', key, ':', my_dict[key])
+    print('2- ', key, ':', my_dict.get(key))
+
+print('3- ', my_dict['age'])
+
+my_dict.setdefault('name', 'only-if-not-exist')
+my_dict.setdefault('new', 'new-value')
+print('4- ', my_dict.keys(), '::', my_dict.values())

language/6_functions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+def cheese_shop(kind, *arguments, **keywords) -> int:  # position, *: optional, **: dict
+    print('1- ', "-- Do you have any", kind, "?")
+    for arg in arguments:
+        print('1- ', arg)
+    for key in keywords:  # .keys() is optional,
+        print('1- ', key, ":", keywords[key])
+    return 10
+
+
+print('0- type of def: ', type(cheese_shop))
+
+g = cheese_shop("-Position-",
+                "Optional-1", "Optional-2",
+                key1="Michael Palin", key2="John Cleese", key3="Cheese Shop Sketch")
+print("1- ", 'cheese-shop return: ', g)
+
+
+def model(index, **keywords):  # keywords: Dict[str,Any]
+    print(index, 'keywords: ', keywords)
+    for key in keywords:  # keywords.keys() is optional,
+        print(index, key, ":", keywords[key])
+
+
+my_dict = {"name": "John", "age": 36, "dni": 12345678}
+model('2- ', **my_dict)  # convert key-value pairs into arguments
+# model(my_dict) ERROR!!!
+model('3- ', one=my_dict)
+
+
+def make_increment(n):
+    return lambda param: param + n
+
+
+f = make_increment(665)
+print('4- ', 'lambda: ', f(1))
+
+# variable scope
+global_var = 'global'
+
+
+def fun0():
+    non_local_var = 'nonlocal'
+
+    def fun1():
+        global global_var  # for updating
+        nonlocal non_local_var  # for updating
+        local_var = 'local'
+        non_local_var = 'from f1'
+        global_var = 'from f1'
+        print('6- ', 'fun1 >> global_var:', global_var, ', non_local_var:', non_local_var, ', local_var:', local_var)
+
+    fun1()
+
+
+fun0()

language/7_classes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+# __***__ are especial functions and attributes
+
+
+def dynamic_function():
+    print('dynamic_function')
+
+
+class MyClass:
+    """A simple example class"""  # default: __doc__=...
+    i: int  # it is a instance attribute
+    att = 'static'  # it is a static attribute
+
+    def __init__(self, name):  # constructor: __init__
+        print('Init MyClass:', name)
+        self.i = len(name)
+        self.name = name  # 'other' is a instance attribute
+        self.dynamic = dynamic_function
+
+    def public(self):  # public
+        return 'hello world (' + str(self.i) + ')'
+
+    def __private(self):  # private
+        pass
+
+
+print('0- type of class: ', type(MyClass))
+
+print('1 ---------------- ')
+my_class = MyClass('me')
+my_class.dynamic()
+my_class.new_attribute = "New!!!"
+my_class.new_function = dynamic_function
+print(my_class.new_attribute)
+
+
+# Inheritance
+class ChildClass(MyClass):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__('child')
+
+
+print('2 ---------------- ')
+ChildClass()
+
+
+class Two:
+    two: str
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        print('Init Two')
+
+
+# Multiple inheritance
+class Multiple(MyClass, Two):
+    value: str
+
+
+print('3 ---------------- ')
+multiple = Multiple('multiple')
+multiple.i = 3
+multiple.name = "name"
+multiple.two = "2"
+multiple.value = "value"
+
+
+class WithDecorator:
+
+    def __init__(self, first_name, last_name):
+        self.first_name = first_name
+        self.last_name = last_name
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_string(cls, name_str):
+        first_name, last_name = map(str, name_str.split(' '))
+        return cls(first_name, last_name)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def is_full_name(name_str):
+        names = name_str.split(' ')
+        return len(names) > 1
+
+
+#  __doc__  __init__  __name__  __module__  __call__ ...
+
+print('4 ---------------- ')
+print('__doc__ ', MyClass.__doc__)
+print('__name__ ', MyClass.__name__)
+print('__module__ ', MyClass.__module__)
+
+
+class Callable:
+    def __call__(self, value):  # class default function
+        print('__call__ >> value: ', value)
+
+
+my_callable = Callable()
+my_callable("!!!")  # class is callable
+# my_class() ERROR!!!