MSC2409: Proposal to send EDUs to appservices (#2409)

* Initial proposal commit * Add body of proposal * rename file * finish up MSC * address issues * change key names and add unstable prefix * Clarifications; to-device handling * It's not exactly like sync * Move to-device messages * Copy edu_type behaviour * Add full transaction example * Add implementation notes for to-device cleanup * Use type instead of edu_type to match realities of implementations * Add note to say ephemeral can be omitted. * Improve wording on why we use a seperate array. Co-authored-by: Kevin Cox <[email protected]> * push_ephemeral -> receive_ephemeral * Fix some typos and clarify EDU room association * Clarify EDU formatting * Explicitly list all event types * Delete to-device events to be moved to a new MSC * Update spec link and fix typo Co-authored-by: Patrick Cloke <[email protected]> * Add private read receipt rules * Apply suggestions from code review Co-authored-by: Richard van der Hoff <[email protected]> * Wrap lines * Apply suggestions from code review Co-authored-by: Andrew Morgan <[email protected]> * Explicitly mention to-device events are not here * Mention the possibility of more granular filtering --------- Co-authored-by: Will Hunt <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: Travis Ralston <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: Kevin Cox <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: Tulir Asokan <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: Patrick Cloke <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: Richard van der Hoff <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: Andrew Morgan <[email protected]>
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+# MSC2409: Proposal to send typing, presence and receipts to appservices
+
+*Note: This proposal is a continuation of [MSC1888](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/pull/1888)
+and deprecates that one.*
+
+The [appservice /transactions API](https://spec.matrix.org/v1.11/application-service-api/#put_matrixappv1transactionstxnid)
+currently supports pushing PDU events (regular message and state events)
+however it doesn't provision for EDU events (typing, presence and receipts). This means that bridges cannot
+react to Matrix users who send any typing or presence information in a room the service is part of.
+
+There is an interest amongst the community to have equal bridging on both sides of a bridge, so that
+read reciepts and typing notifications can be seen on the remote side. To that end, this proposal
+specifies how these can be pushed to an appservice.
+
+## Proposal
+
+### Changes to the registration file
+
+In order that appservices don't get flooded with EDUs, appservices have to opt-in to receive them by
+setting `receive_ephemeral` to true. A registration file could look like following:
+
+```yaml
+id: "IRC Bridge"
+url: "http://127.0.0.1:1234"
+as_token: "30c05ae90a248a4188e620216fa72e349803310ec83e2a77b34fe90be6081f46"
+hs_token: "312df522183efd404ec1cd22d2ffa4bbc76a8c1ccf541dd692eef281356bb74e"
+sender_localpart: "_irc_bot"
+# We want to receive EDUs
+receive_ephemeral: true
+namespaces:
+  users:
+    - exclusive: true
+      regex: "@_irc_bridge_.*"
+  aliases:
+    - exclusive: false
+      regex: "#_irc_bridge_.*"
+  rooms: []
+```
+
+For now, receiving EDUs is all-or-nothing. A future MSC may add more granular
+filtering capabilities for appservices.
+
+### Changes to the /transactions/ API
+
+The `PUT /_matrix/app/v1/transactions/{txnId}` API currently supports sending PDUs
+via the `events` array.
+
+```json
+{
+  "events": [
+    {
+      "content": {
+        "membership": "join",
+        "avatar_url": "mxc://domain.com/SEsfnsuifSDFSSEF#auto",
+        "displayname": "Alice Margatroid"
+      },
+      "type": "m.room.member",
+      "event_id": "$143273582443PhrSn:domain.com",
+      "room_id": "!jEsUZKDJdhlrceRyVU:domain.com",
+      "sender": "@example:domain.com",
+      "origin_server_ts": 1432735824653,
+      "unsigned": {
+        "age": 1234
+      },
+      "state_key": "@alice:domain.com"
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+This proposal would extend the `PUT /_matrix/app/v1/transactions/` endpoint to include a new key
+`ephemeral` to behave similar to the various sections of the CS API `/sync` endpoint. The `ephemeral` key
+MAY be omitted entirely if there are no ephemeral events to send.
+
+```json
+{
+  "ephemeral": [
+    {
+      "type": "m.typing",
+      "room_id": "!jEsUZKDJdhlrceRyVU:domain.com",
+      "content": {
+        "user_ids": [
+          "@alice:example.com"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "m.receipt",
+      "room_id": "!jEsUZKDJdhlrceRyVU:domain.com",
+      "content": {
+        "$1435641916114394fHBLK:matrix.org": {
+          "m.read": {
+            "@rikj:jki.re": {
+              "ts": 1436451550453
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "events": [
+    // ...
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+The reason for a new key rather than bundling the events into `events` is that
+existing appservices may mistake them for PDUs and might behave erratically.
+While `events` may now be a somewhat misleading name, this is an acceptable tradeoff.
+
+The array is effectively a combination of the `presence` and `ephemeral` sections of the
+client-server `/sync` API. User-defined ephemeral events don't exist yet, which means there are
+only three event types that can currently occur:
+[`m.presence`](https://spec.matrix.org/v1.11/client-server-api/#mpresence),
+[`m.typing`](https://spec.matrix.org/v1.11/client-server-api/#mtyping),
+and [`m.receipt`](https://spec.matrix.org/v1.11/client-server-api/#mreceipt).
+
+This proposal does not cover any other types of events which are sent as EDUs in the federation API,
+such as to-device events or other e2ee features. Those are left to a separate MSC.
+
+EDUs are formatted the same way as they are in C-S sync, with the addition of the `room_id` field
+for room-scoped EDUs (`m.typing` and `m.receipt`). `room_id` is not present in the C-S API because
+sync nests EDUs inside a room object, but appservices get a flat list of events in all rooms.
+
+### Expectations of when an EDU should be pushed to an appservice
+
+It is not clear at face value what should be pushed to an appservice. Appservices claim
+namespaces of users which registers "interest" in the rooms where those users reside, as
+well as claiming namespaces of rooms for explicit interest. However, not all EDUs are
+associated with a single room (presence, etc).
+
+If the EDU is capable of being associated to a particular room (i.e. `m.typing` and `m.receipt`),
+it should be sent to the appservice under the same rules as regular events (interest in the room
+means sending it). For EDUs which are not associated with a particular room, the appservice
+receives the EDU if it contextually *would* apply. For example, a presence update for a user an
+appservice shares a room with (or is under the appservice's namespace) would be sent to the
+appservice.
+
+For `m.receipt`, private read receipts (`m.read.private`) should only be sent for users within the
+appservice's namespaces. Normal read receipts and threaded read receipts are always sent.
+
+## Potential issues
+
+Determining which EDUs to transmit to the appservice could lead to quite some overhead on the
+homeserver side. Additionally, more network traffic is produced, potentially straining the local
+network and the appservice more. As such, appservices have to opt-in to receive EDUs.
+
+## Security considerations
+
+The homeserver needs to accurately determine which EDUs to send to the appservice, as to not leak
+any unnecessary metadata about users. Particularly `m.presence` could be tricky, as no `room_id` is present in
+that EDU.
+
+## Unstable prefix
+
+In the transaction body, instead of `ephemeral`, `de.sorunome.msc2409.ephemeral` is used.
+
+In the registration file, instead of `receive_ephemeral`, `de.sorunome.msc2409.push_ephemeral` is used.