Migrate linting to Ruff

[janosh]

Just a suggestion but one that has worked out very well for pymatgen over in materialsproject/pymatgen#2847: we could migrate linting of atomate2 to ruff.

Ruff combines the functionality of most other Python linters into 1 tool written in Rust which makes it ~100x faster than linters written in Python. It brought the pymatgen linting CI script's run time from 9 min down to 3 min (almost entirely spent installing deps and running mypy now, ruff itself only takes 1 sec).

Happy to take this on if interested.