models.py

from utils.google_utils import *
from utils.layers import *
from utils.parse_config import *
import torch
ONNX_EXPORT = False


def create_modules(module_defs, img_size, cfg):
    # Constructs module list of layer blocks from module configuration in module_defs

    img_size = [img_size] * 2 if isinstance(img_size, int) else img_size  # expand if necessary
    hyperparams = module_defs.pop(0)  # cfg training hyperparams (unused)
    output_filters = [3]  # input channels
    module_list = nn.ModuleList()
    routs = []  # list of layers which rout to deeper layers
    yolo_index = -1

    for i, mdef in enumerate(module_defs):
        modules = nn.Sequential()

        if mdef['type'] == 'convolutional':
            bn = int(mdef['batch_normalize'])
            filters = int(mdef['filters'])
            k = int(mdef['size'])  # kernel size
            stride = int(mdef['stride']) if 'stride' in mdef else (mdef['stride_y'], mdef['stride_x'])
            if isinstance(k, int):  # single-size conv
                modules.add_module('Conv2d', nn.Conv2d(in_channels=output_filters[-1],
                                                       out_channels=filters,
                                                       kernel_size=k,
                                                       stride=stride,
                                                       padding=k // 2 if mdef['pad'] else 0,
                                                       groups=mdef['groups'] if 'groups' in mdef else 1,
                                                       bias=not bn))
            else:  # multiple-size conv
                modules.add_module('MixConv2d', MixConv2d(in_ch=output_filters[-1],
                                                          out_ch=filters,
                                                          k=k,
                                                          stride=stride,
                                                          bias=not bn))

            if bn:
                modules.add_module('BatchNorm2d', nn.BatchNorm2d(filters, momentum=0.03, eps=1E-4))
            else:
                routs.append(i)  # detection output (goes into yolo layer)

            if mdef['activation'] == 'leaky':  # activation study https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov3/issues/441
                modules.add_module('activation', nn.LeakyReLU(0.1, inplace=True))
            elif mdef['activation'] == 'swish':
                modules.add_module('activation', Swish())
            elif mdef['activation'] == 'mish':
                modules.add_module('activation', Mish())

        elif mdef['type'] == 'BatchNorm2d':
            filters = output_filters[-1]
            modules = nn.BatchNorm2d(filters, momentum=0.03, eps=1E-4)
            if i == 0 and filters == 3:  # normalize RGB image
                # imagenet mean and var https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/torchvision/models.html#classification
                modules.running_mean = torch.tensor([0.485, 0.456, 0.406])
                modules.running_var = torch.tensor([0.0524, 0.0502, 0.0506])

        elif mdef['type'] == 'maxpool':
            k = mdef['size']  # kernel size
            stride = mdef['stride']
            # maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=k, stride=stride, padding=(k - 1) // 2)
            maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=k, stride=stride, padding=(k - 1) // 2)
            if k == 2 and stride == 1:  # yolov3-tiny
                modules.add_module('ZeroPad2d', nn.ZeroPad2d((0, 1, 0, 1)))
                modules.add_module('MaxPool2d', maxpool)
            else:
                modules = maxpool

        elif mdef['type'] == 'upsample':
            if ONNX_EXPORT:  # explicitly state size, avoid scale_factor
                g = (yolo_index + 1) * 2 / 32  # gain
                modules = nn.Upsample(size=tuple(int(x * g) for x in img_size))  # img_size = (320, 192)
            else:
                modules = nn.Upsample(scale_factor=mdef['stride'])

        elif mdef['type'] == 'route':  # nn.Sequential() placeholder for 'route' layer
            layers = mdef['layers']
            if '[' and ']' not in layers and not isinstance(layers, list):
                layers = [int(num) for num in layers.split(',')]
            filters = sum([output_filters[l + 1 if l > 0 else l] for l in layers])
            routs.extend([i + l if l < 0 else l for l in layers])
            modules = FeatureConcat(layers=layers)

        elif mdef['type'] == 'shortcut':  # nn.Sequential() placeholder for 'shortcut' layer
            layers = mdef['from']
            filters = output_filters[-1]
            routs.extend([i + l if l < 0 else l for l in layers])
            modules = WeightedFeatureFusion(layers=layers, weight='weights_type' in mdef)

        elif mdef['type'] == 'reorg3d':  # yolov3-spp-pan-scale
            pass
        ###attention
        elif mdef['type'] == 'se':
            modules.add_module(
                'se_module',
                SELayer(output_filters[-1], reduction=int(mdef['reduction'])))
        elif mdef['type'] == 'danet':
            modules.add_module(
                'da_module',
                DANet(output_filters[-1], int(mdef['reduction'])))
        ###
        elif mdef['type'] == 'yolo':
            yolo_index += 1
            stride = [32, 16, 8, 4]  # P5, P4, P3 strides
            if any(x in cfg for x in ['panet', 'yolov4', 'cd53']):  # stride order reversed
                stride = list(reversed(stride))
            layers = mdef['from'] if 'from' in mdef else []
            modules = YOLOLayer(anchors=mdef['anchors'][mdef['mask']],  # anchor list
                                nc=mdef['classes'],  # number of classes
                                img_size=img_size,  # (416, 416)
                                yolo_index=yolo_index,  # 0, 1, 2...
                                layers=layers,  # output layers
                                stride=stride[yolo_index])

            # Initialize preceding Conv2d() bias (https://arxiv.org/pdf/1708.02002.pdf section 3.3)
            try:
                j = layers[yolo_index] if 'from' in mdef else -1
                # If previous layer is a dropout layer, get the one before
                if module_list[j].__class__.__name__ == 'Dropout':
                    j -= 1
                bias_ = module_list[j][0].bias  # shape(255,)
                bias = bias_[:modules.no * modules.na].view(modules.na, -1)  # shape(3,85)
                bias[:, 4] += -4.5  # obj
                bias[:, 5:] += math.log(0.6 / (modules.nc - 0.99))  # cls (sigmoid(p) = 1/nc)
                module_list[j][0].bias = torch.nn.Parameter(bias_, requires_grad=bias_.requires_grad)
            except:
                print('WARNING: smart bias initialization failure.')

        elif mdef['type'] == 'connect':
            filters = mdef['output']
            modules.add_module('connect', nn.Linear(output_filters[-1],filters,bias=False))
            if mdef['activation'] == 'leaky':  # activation study https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov3/issues/441
                modules.add_module('activation', nn.LeakyReLU(0.1, inplace=True))
            elif mdef['activation'] == 'swish':
                modules.add_module('activation', Swish())
            elif mdef['activation'] == 'mish':
                modules.add_module('activation', Mish())
            elif mdef['activation'] == 'relu':
                modules.add_module('activation', nn.ReLU(inplace=True))
            elif mdef['activation'] == 'Sigmoid':
                modules.add_module('activation', nn.Sigmoid())

        elif mdef['type'] == 'elementwise':  # nn.Sequential() placeholder for 'route' layer
            layers = mdef['layers']
            filters = output_filters[-1]
            routs.extend([i + l if l < 0 else l for l in layers])
            modules = element_wise(layers=layers)

        elif mdef['type'] == 'shuffle1':  # nn.Sequential() placeholder for 'route' layer
            layers = mdef['layers']
            # filters = sum([output_filters[l + 1 if l > 0 else l] for l in layers])
            # filters = sum([output_filters[l+1 if l>0 else l] for l in layers] )
            filters = output_filters[layers[0]+1]
            # filters=int(filters/4)
            # print("filters:",type(filters))
            channel_32=output_filters[layers[0]+1]
            channel_16=output_filters[layers[1]+1]
            channel_8=output_filters[layers[2]+1]
            channel_4=output_filters[layers[3]+1]
            routs.extend([i + l if l < 0 else l for l in layers])
            modules = shuffle_1(layers=layers,channel_32=channel_32,channel_16=channel_16,channel_8=channel_8,channel_4=channel_4)
        #
        elif mdef['type'] == 'shuffle2':  # nn.Sequential() placeholder for 'route' layer
            layers = mdef['layers']
            # filters = sum([output_filters[l + 1 if l > 0 else l] for l in layers])
            # filters = int(filters / 4)
            filters = output_filters[layers[1] + 1]
            # print("filters:", type(filters))
            channel_32 = output_filters[layers[0] + 1]
            channel_16 = output_filters[layers[1] + 1]
            channel_8 = output_filters[layers[2] + 1]
            channel_4 = output_filters[layers[3] + 1]
            routs.extend([i + l if l < 0 else l for l in layers])
            modules = shuffle_2(layers=layers,channel_32=channel_32,channel_16=channel_16,channel_8=channel_8,channel_4=channel_4)
        #
        elif mdef['type'] == 'shuffle3':  # nn.Sequential() placeholder for 'route' layer
            layers = mdef['layers']
            # filters = sum([output_filters[l+1 if l>0 else l] for l in layers])
            # filters=int(filters/4)
            filters = output_filters[layers[2] + 1]
            channel_32 = output_filters[layers[0] + 1]
            channel_16 = output_filters[layers[1] + 1]
            channel_8 = output_filters[layers[2] + 1]
            channel_4 = output_filters[layers[3] + 1]
            routs.extend([i + l if l < 0 else l for l in layers])
            modules = shuffle_3(layers=layers,channel_32=channel_32,channel_16=channel_16,channel_8=channel_8,channel_4=channel_4)
        #
        elif mdef['type'] == 'shuffle4':  # nn.Sequential() placeholder for 'route' layer
            layers = mdef['layers']
            # filters = sum([output_filters[l+1 if l>0 else l] for l in layers])
            filters = output_filters[layers[3] + 1]
            channel_32 = output_filters[layers[0] + 1]
            channel_16 = output_filters[layers[1] + 1]
            channel_8 = output_filters[layers[2] + 1]
            channel_4 = output_filters[layers[3] + 1]
            routs.extend([i + l if l < 0 else l for l in layers])
            modules = shuffle_4(layers=layers,channel_32=channel_32,channel_16=channel_16,channel_8=channel_8,channel_4=channel_4)

        elif mdef['type'] == 'avgpool':
            modules.add_module(
                'avgpool',
                avgpool())
        elif mdef['type'] == 'dropout':
            perc = float(mdef['probability'])
            modules = nn.Dropout(p=perc)
        else:
            print('Warning: Unrecognized Layer Type: ' + mdef['type'])

        # Register module list and number of output filters
        module_list.append(modules)
        output_filters.append(filters)

    routs_binary = [False] * (i + 1)
    for i in routs:
        routs_binary[i] = True
    return module_list, routs_binary, hyperparams


class YOLOLayer(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, anchors, nc, img_size, yolo_index, layers, stride):
        super(YOLOLayer, self).__init__()
        self.anchors = torch.Tensor(anchors)
        self.index = yolo_index  # index of this layer in layers
        self.layers = layers  # model output layer indices
        self.stride = stride  # layer stride
        self.nl = len(layers)  # number of output layers (3)
        self.na = len(anchors)  # number of anchors (3)
        self.nc = nc  # number of classes (80)
        self.no = nc + 5  # number of outputs (85)
        self.nx, self.ny, self.ng = 0, 0, 0  # initialize number of x, y gridpoints
        self.anchor_vec = self.anchors / self.stride
        self.anchor_wh = self.anchor_vec.view(1, self.na, 1, 1, 2)

        if ONNX_EXPORT:
            self.training = False
            self.create_grids((img_size[1] // stride, img_size[0] // stride))  # number x, y grid points

    def create_grids(self, ng=(13, 13), device='cpu'):
        self.nx, self.ny = ng  # x and y grid size
        self.ng = torch.tensor(ng, dtype=torch.float)

        # build xy offsets
        if not self.training:
            yv, xv = torch.meshgrid([torch.arange(self.ny, device=device), torch.arange(self.nx, device=device)])
            self.grid = torch.stack((xv, yv), 2).view((1, 1, self.ny, self.nx, 2)).float()

        if self.anchor_vec.device != device:
            self.anchor_vec = self.anchor_vec.to(device)
            self.anchor_wh = self.anchor_wh.to(device)

    def forward(self, p, out):
        ASFF = False  # https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.09516
        if ASFF:
            i, n = self.index, self.nl  # index in layers, number of layers
            p = out[self.layers[i]]
            bs, _, ny, nx = p.shape  # bs, 255, 13, 13
            if (self.nx, self.ny) != (nx, ny):
                self.create_grids((nx, ny), p.device)

            # outputs and weights
            # w = F.softmax(p[:, -n:], 1)  # normalized weights
            w = torch.sigmoid(p[:, -n:]) * (2 / n)  # sigmoid weights (faster)
            # w = w / w.sum(1).unsqueeze(1)  # normalize across layer dimension

            # weighted ASFF sum
            p = out[self.layers[i]][:, :-n] * w[:, i:i + 1]
            for j in range(n):
                if j != i:
                    p += w[:, j:j + 1] * \
                         F.interpolate(out[self.layers[j]][:, :-n], size=[ny, nx], mode='bilinear', align_corners=False)

        elif ONNX_EXPORT:
            bs = 1  # batch size
        else:
            bs, _, ny, nx = p.shape  # bs, 255, 13, 13
            if (self.nx, self.ny) != (nx, ny):
                self.create_grids((nx, ny), p.device)

        # p.view(bs, 255, 13, 13) -- > (bs, 3, 13, 13, 85)  # (bs, anchors, grid, grid, classes + xywh)
        p = p.view(bs, self.na, self.no, self.ny, self.nx).permute(0, 1, 3, 4, 2).contiguous()  # prediction

        if self.training:
            return p

        elif ONNX_EXPORT:
            # Avoid broadcasting for ANE operations
            m = self.na * self.nx * self.ny
            ng = 1. / self.ng.repeat(m, 1)
            grid = self.grid.repeat(1, self.na, 1, 1, 1).view(m, 2)
            anchor_wh = self.anchor_wh.repeat(1, 1, self.nx, self.ny, 1).view(m, 2) * ng

            p = p.view(m, self.no)
            xy = torch.sigmoid(p[:, 0:2]) + grid  # x, y
            wh = torch.exp(p[:, 2:4]) * anchor_wh  # width, height
            p_cls = torch.sigmoid(p[:, 4:5]) if self.nc == 1 else \
                torch.sigmoid(p[:, 5:self.no]) * torch.sigmoid(p[:, 4:5])  # conf
            return p_cls, xy * ng, wh

        else:  # inference
            io = p.clone()  # inference output
            io[..., :2] = torch.sigmoid(io[..., :2]) + self.grid  # xy
            io[..., 2:4] = torch.exp(io[..., 2:4]) * self.anchor_wh  # wh yolo method
            io[..., :4] *= self.stride
            torch.sigmoid_(io[..., 4:])
            return io.view(bs, -1, self.no), p  # view [1, 3, 13, 13, 85] as [1, 507, 85]
#SE attention
'''
class SELayer(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, channel, reduction=16):
        super(SELayer, self).__init__()
        self.avg_pool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
        self.fc = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(channel, channel // reduction, bias=False),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Linear(channel // reduction, channel, bias=False),
            nn.Sigmoid()
        )

    def forward(self, x):
        b, c, _, _ = x.size()
        y = self.avg_pool(x).view(b, c)
        y = self.fc(y).view(b, c, 1, 1)
        return x * y.expand_as(x)
'''
#MS attention
class SELayer(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, channel, reduction=16):
        super(SELayer, self).__init__()
        self.conv1=nn.Conv2d(in_channels=channel, out_channels=channel, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0)
        self.conv3=nn.Conv2d(in_channels=channel,out_channels=channel,kernel_size=3,padding=3//2)
        self.conv5=nn.Conv2d(in_channels=channel,out_channels=channel,kernel_size=5,padding=5//2)
        self.avg_pool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
        self.fc = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(3*channel, 3*channel // reduction, bias=False),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Linear(3*channel // reduction, channel, bias=False),
            nn.Sigmoid()
        )

    def forward(self, x):
        b, c, _, _ = x.size()
        x1=self.conv1(x)
        x2=self.conv3(x)
        x3=self.conv5(x)
        xcat=torch.cat((x1,x2,x3),1)
        y = self.avg_pool(xcat).view(b, 3*c)
        y = self.fc(y).view(b, c, 1, 1)
        return x * y.expand_as(x)+x

class avgpool(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(avgpool, self).__init__()
        self.avg_pool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)

    def forward(self, x):
        b, c, _, _ = x.size()
        x = self.avg_pool(x).view(b,c)
        x=x.view(b,c)
        return x

##DANet
class _PositionAttentionModule_hw(nn.Module):

    """ Position attention module"""
    def __init__(self, in_channels, reduction):
        super(_PositionAttentionModule_hw, self).__init__()
        self.conv_b = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, in_channels // reduction, 1)
        self.conv_c = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, in_channels // reduction, 1)
        self.conv_d = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, in_channels, 1)
        self.alpha = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1))
        self.softmax = nn.Softmax(dim=-1)

##torch.bmm(10*3*5,10*5*4)->10*3*4
    def forward(self, x):
        batch_size, _, height, width = x.size()
        feat_b = self.conv_b(x).view(batch_size, -1, height * width).permute(0, 2, 1)
        feat_c = self.conv_c(x).view(batch_size, -1, height * width)
        attention_s = self.softmax(torch.bmm(feat_b, feat_c))
        feat_d = self.conv_d(x).view(batch_size, -1, height * width)
        feat_e = torch.bmm(feat_d, attention_s.permute(0, 2, 1)).view(batch_size, -1, height, width)
        out = self.alpha * feat_e + x
        return out

'''
class _PositionAttentionModule_cw(nn.Module):

    """ Position attention module"""
    def __init__(self, in_channels):
        super(_PositionAttentionModule_cw, self).__init__()
        self.conv_b = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, in_channels//16 , 1)
        self.conv_c = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, in_channels//16 , 1)
        self.conv_d = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, in_channels//16, 1)
        self.conv_e = nn.Conv2d(in_channels//16, in_channels, 1)
        self.alpha = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1))
        self.softmax = nn.Softmax(dim=-1)

##torch.bmm(10*3*5,10*5*4)->10*3*4
    def forward(self, x):
        batch_size, c, height, width = x.size()
        c=c//16
        # print(x.shape)
        # print((self.conv_b(x).permute(0, 2, 1 ,3)).shape)
        feat_b = self.conv_b(x).permute(0, 2, 1 ,3).contiguous().view(batch_size, -1, c * width)
        # print(feat_b.shape)
        feat_b = feat_b.permute(0,2,1)
        feat_c = self.conv_c(x).permute(0, 2, 1 ,3).contiguous().view(batch_size, -1, c * width)
        attention_s = self.softmax(torch.bmm(feat_b, feat_c))
        feat_d = self.conv_d(x).permute(0, 2, 1 ,3).contiguous().view(batch_size, -1, c * width)
        feat_e = torch.bmm(feat_d, attention_s.permute(0, 2, 1)).contiguous().view(batch_size,height,c,width)
        feat_e=self.conv_e(feat_e.permute(0,2,1,3))

        out = self.alpha * feat_e + x
        return out

class _PositionAttentionModule_hc(nn.Module):

    """ Position attention module"""
    def __init__(self, in_channels):
        super(_PositionAttentionModule_hc, self).__init__()
        self.conv_b = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, in_channels//16, 1)
        self.conv_c = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, in_channels//16 , 1)
        self.conv_d = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, in_channels//16, 1)
        self.conv_e = nn.Conv2d(in_channels//16, in_channels, 1)
        self.alpha = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1))
        self.softmax = nn.Softmax(dim=-1)

##torch.bmm(10*3*5,10*5*4)->10*3*4
    def forward(self, x):
        batch_size, c, height, width = x.size()
        c=c//16
        feat_b = self.conv_b(x).permute(0, 3, 2 ,1).contiguous().view(batch_size, -1, height * c)
        feat_b=feat_b.permute(0,2,1)
        feat_c = self.conv_c(x).permute(0, 3, 2 ,1).contiguous().view(batch_size, -1, height * c)
        attention_s = self.softmax(torch.bmm(feat_b, feat_c))
        feat_d = self.conv_d(x).permute(0, 3, 2 ,1).contiguous().view(batch_size, -1, height * c)
        feat_e = torch.bmm(feat_d, attention_s.permute(0, 2, 1)).reshape(batch_size,width, height, c)
        feat_e=self.conv_e(feat_e.permute(0,3,2,1))
        out = self.alpha * feat_e + x
        return out
'''
class _ChannelAttentionModule(nn.Module):
    """Channel attention module"""

    def __init__(self):
        super(_ChannelAttentionModule, self).__init__()
        self.beta = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1))
        self.softmax = nn.Softmax(dim=-1)

    def forward(self, x):
        batch_size, _, height, width = x.size()
        feat_a = x.view(batch_size, -1, height * width)
        feat_a_transpose = x.view(batch_size, -1, height * width).permute(0, 2, 1)
        attention = torch.bmm(feat_a, feat_a_transpose)
        attention_new = torch.max(attention, dim=-1, keepdim=True)[0].expand_as(attention) - attention
        attention = self.softmax(attention_new)
        feat_e = torch.bmm(attention, feat_a).view(batch_size, -1, height, width)
        out = self.beta * feat_e + x
        return out
class DANet(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self,inchannel,reduction):
        super(DANet, self).__init__()
        self.hw = _PositionAttentionModule_hw(inchannel, reduction)
        # self.cw = _PositionAttentionModule_cw(inchannel)
        # self.hc = _PositionAttentionModule_hc(inchannel)
        self.cam = _ChannelAttentionModule()

    def forward(self,x):
        feat_hw=self.hw(x)
        # feat_cw=self.cw(x)
        # feat_hc=self.hc(x)
        feat_cam=self.cam(x)
        # print(x.shape)
        # print(((feat_hw+feat_cw+feat_hc+feat_cam)/4).shape)
        return (feat_hw+feat_cam)/2


class Darknet(nn.Module):
    # YOLOv3 object detection model
    def __init__(self, cfg, img_size=(416, 416), verbose=False):
        super(Darknet, self).__init__()
        
        if isinstance(cfg, str):
            self.module_defs = parse_model_cfg(cfg)
        elif isinstance(cfg, list):
            self.module_defs = cfg
        self.module_list, self.routs, self.hyperparams = create_modules(self.module_defs, img_size, cfg)
        self.yolo_layers = get_yolo_layers(self)
        # torch_utils.initialize_weights(self)

        # Darknet Header https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/issues/2914#issuecomment-496675346
        self.version = np.array([0, 2, 5], dtype=np.int32)  # (int32) version info: major, minor, revision
        self.seen = np.array([0], dtype=np.int64)  # (int64) number of images seen during training
        self.info(verbose) if not ONNX_EXPORT else None  # print model description

    def forward(self, x, augment=False, verbose=False):

        if not augment:
            return self.forward_once(x)
        else:  # Augment images (inference and test only) https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov3/issues/931
            img_size = x.shape[-2:]  # height, width
            s = [0.83, 0.67]  # scales
            y = []
            for i, xi in enumerate((x,
                                    torch_utils.scale_img(x.flip(3), s[0], same_shape=False),  # flip-lr and scale
                                    torch_utils.scale_img(x, s[1], same_shape=False),  # scale
                                    )):
                # cv2.imwrite('img%g.jpg' % i, 255 * xi[0].numpy().transpose((1, 2, 0))[:, :, ::-1])
                y.append(self.forward_once(xi)[0])

            y[1][..., :4] /= s[0]  # scale
            y[1][..., 0] = img_size[1] - y[1][..., 0]  # flip lr
            y[2][..., :4] /= s[1]  # scale

            # for i, yi in enumerate(y):  # coco small, medium, large = < 32**2 < 96**2 <
            #     area = yi[..., 2:4].prod(2)[:, :, None]
            #     if i == 1:
            #         yi *= (area < 96. ** 2).float()
            #     elif i == 2:
            #         yi *= (area > 32. ** 2).float()
            #     y[i] = yi

            y = torch.cat(y, 1)
            return y, None

    def forward_once(self, x, augment=False, verbose=False):
        img_size = x.shape[-2:]  # height, width
        yolo_out, out = [], []
        if verbose:
            print('0', x.shape)
            str = ''

        # Augment images (inference and test only)
        if augment:  # https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov3/issues/931
            nb = x.shape[0]  # batch size
            s = [0.83, 0.67]  # scales
            x = torch.cat((x,
                           torch_utils.scale_img(x.flip(3), s[0]),  # flip-lr and scale
                           torch_utils.scale_img(x, s[1]),  # scale
                           ), 0)
        for i, module in enumerate(self.module_list):
            name = module.__class__.__name__
            if name in ['WeightedFeatureFusion', 'FeatureConcat','element_wise','shuffle_1','shuffle_2','shuffle_3','shuffle_4']:  # sum, concat
                if verbose:
                    l = [i - 1] + module.layers  # layers
                    sh = [list(x.shape)] + [list(out[i].shape) for i in module.layers]  # shapes
                    str = ' >> ' + ' + '.join(['layer %g %s' % x for x in zip(l, sh)])
                x = module(x, out)  # WeightedFeatureFusion(), FeatureConcat()
            elif name == 'YOLOLayer':
                yolo_out.append(module(x, out))
            else:  # run module directly, i.e. mtype = 'convolutional', 'upsample', 'maxpool', 'batchnorm2d' etc.
                x = module(x)

            out.append(x if self.routs[i] else [])
            if verbose:
                print('%g/%g %s -' % (i, len(self.module_list), name), list(x.shape), str)
                str = ''

        if self.training:  # train
            return yolo_out
        elif ONNX_EXPORT:  # export
            x = [torch.cat(x, 0) for x in zip(*yolo_out)]
            return x[0], torch.cat(x[1:3], 1)  # scores, boxes: 3780x80, 3780x4
        else:  # inference or test
            x, p = zip(*yolo_out)  # inference output, training output
            x = torch.cat(x, 1)  # cat yolo outputs
            if augment:  # de-augment results
                x = torch.split(x, nb, dim=0)
                x[1][..., :4] /= s[0]  # scale
                x[1][..., 0] = img_size[1] - x[1][..., 0]  # flip lr
                x[2][..., :4] /= s[1]  # scale
                x = torch.cat(x, 1)
            return x, p

    def fuse(self):
        # Fuse Conv2d + BatchNorm2d layers throughout model
        print('Fusing layers...')
        fused_list = nn.ModuleList()
        for a in list(self.children())[0]:
            if isinstance(a, nn.Sequential):
                for i, b in enumerate(a):
                    if isinstance(b, nn.modules.batchnorm.BatchNorm2d):
                        # fuse this bn layer with the previous conv2d layer
                        conv = a[i - 1]
                        fused = torch_utils.fuse_conv_and_bn(conv, b)
                        a = nn.Sequential(fused, *list(a.children())[i + 1:])
                        break
            fused_list.append(a)
        self.module_list = fused_list
        self.info() if not ONNX_EXPORT else None  # yolov3-spp reduced from 225 to 152 layers

    def info(self, verbose=False):
        torch_utils.model_info(self, verbose)


def get_yolo_layers(model):
    return [i for i, m in enumerate(model.module_list) if m.__class__.__name__ == 'YOLOLayer']  # [89, 101, 113]


def load_darknet_weights(self, weights, cutoff=-1):
    # Parses and loads the weights stored in 'weights'

    # Establish cutoffs (load layers between 0 and cutoff. if cutoff = -1 all are loaded)
    file = Path(weights).name
    if file == 'darknet53.conv.74':
        cutoff = 75
    elif file == 'yolov3-tiny.conv.15':
        cutoff = 15

    # Read weights file
    with open(weights, 'rb') as f:
        # Read Header https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/issues/2914#issuecomment-496675346
        self.version = np.fromfile(f, dtype=np.int32, count=3)  # (int32) version info: major, minor, revision
        self.seen = np.fromfile(f, dtype=np.int64, count=1)  # (int64) number of images seen during training

        weights = np.fromfile(f, dtype=np.float32)  # the rest are weights

    ptr = 0
    for i, (mdef, module) in enumerate(zip(self.module_defs[:cutoff], self.module_list[:cutoff])):
        if mdef['type'] == 'convolutional':
            conv = module[0]
            if mdef['batch_normalize']:
                # Load BN bias, weights, running mean and running variance
                bn = module[1]
                nb = bn.bias.numel()  # number of biases
                # Bias
                bn.bias.data.copy_(torch.from_numpy(weights[ptr:ptr + nb]).view_as(bn.bias))
                ptr += nb
                # Weight
                bn.weight.data.copy_(torch.from_numpy(weights[ptr:ptr + nb]).view_as(bn.weight))
                ptr += nb
                # Running Mean
                bn.running_mean.data.copy_(torch.from_numpy(weights[ptr:ptr + nb]).view_as(bn.running_mean))
                ptr += nb
                # Running Var
                bn.running_var.data.copy_(torch.from_numpy(weights[ptr:ptr + nb]).view_as(bn.running_var))
                ptr += nb
            else:
                # Load conv. bias
                nb = conv.bias.numel()
                conv_b = torch.from_numpy(weights[ptr:ptr + nb]).view_as(conv.bias)
                conv.bias.data.copy_(conv_b)
                ptr += nb
            # Load conv. weights
            nw = conv.weight.numel()  # number of weights
            conv.weight.data.copy_(torch.from_numpy(weights[ptr:ptr + nw]).view_as(conv.weight))
            ptr += nw


def save_weights(self, path='model.weights', cutoff=-1):
    # Converts a PyTorch model to Darket format (*.pt to *.weights)
    # Note: Does not work if model.fuse() is applied
    with open(path, 'wb') as f:
        # Write Header https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/issues/2914#issuecomment-496675346
        self.version.tofile(f)  # (int32) version info: major, minor, revision
        self.seen.tofile(f)  # (int64) number of images seen during training

        # Iterate through layers
        for i, (mdef, module) in enumerate(zip(self.module_defs[:cutoff], self.module_list[:cutoff])):
            if mdef['type'] == 'convolutional':
                conv_layer = module[0]
                # If batch norm, load bn first
                if mdef['batch_normalize']:
                    bn_layer = module[1]
                    bn_layer.bias.data.cpu().numpy().tofile(f)
                    bn_layer.weight.data.cpu().numpy().tofile(f)
                    bn_layer.running_mean.data.cpu().numpy().tofile(f)
                    bn_layer.running_var.data.cpu().numpy().tofile(f)
                # Load conv bias
                else:
                    conv_layer.bias.data.cpu().numpy().tofile(f)
                # Load conv weights
                conv_layer.weight.data.cpu().numpy().tofile(f)


def convert(cfg='cfg/yolov3-spp.cfg', weights='weights/yolov3-spp.weights'):
    # Converts between PyTorch and Darknet format per extension (i.e. *.weights convert to *.pt and vice versa)
    # from models import *; convert('cfg/yolov3-spp.cfg', 'weights/yolov3-spp.weights')

    # Initialize model
    model = Darknet(cfg)

    # Load weights and save
    if weights.endswith('.pt'):  # if PyTorch format
        model.load_state_dict(torch.load(weights, map_location='cpu')['model'])
        target = weights.rsplit('.', 1)[0] + '.weights'
        save_weights(model, path=target, cutoff=-1)
        print("Success: converted '%s' to '%s'" % (weights, target))

    elif weights.endswith('.weights'):  # darknet format
        _ = load_darknet_weights(model, weights)

        chkpt = {'epoch': -1,
                 'best_fitness': None,
                 'training_results': None,
                 'model': model.state_dict(),
                 'optimizer': None}

        target = weights.rsplit('.', 1)[0] + '.pt'
        torch.save(chkpt, target)
        print("Success: converted '%s' to '%s'" % (weights, target))

    else:
        print('Error: extension not supported.')


def attempt_download(weights):
    # Attempt to download pretrained weights if not found locally
    weights = weights.strip()
    msg = weights + ' missing, try downloading from https://drive.google.com/open?id=1LezFG5g3BCW6iYaV89B2i64cqEUZD7e0'

    if len(weights) > 0 and not os.path.isfile(weights):
        d = {'yolov3-spp.weights': '16lYS4bcIdM2HdmyJBVDOvt3Trx6N3W2R',
             'yolov3.weights': '1uTlyDWlnaqXcsKOktP5aH_zRDbfcDp-y',
             'yolov3-tiny.weights': '1CCF-iNIIkYesIDzaPvdwlcf7H9zSsKZQ',
             'yolov3-spp.pt': '1f6Ovy3BSq2wYq4UfvFUpxJFNDFfrIDcR',
             'yolov3.pt': '1SHNFyoe5Ni8DajDNEqgB2oVKBb_NoEad',
             'yolov3-tiny.pt': '10m_3MlpQwRtZetQxtksm9jqHrPTHZ6vo',
             'darknet53.conv.74': '1WUVBid-XuoUBmvzBVUCBl_ELrzqwA8dJ',
             'yolov3-tiny.conv.15': '1Bw0kCpplxUqyRYAJr9RY9SGnOJbo9nEj',
             'yolov3-spp-ultralytics.pt': '1UcR-zVoMs7DH5dj3N1bswkiQTA4dmKF4'}

        file = Path(weights).name
        if file in d:
            r = gdrive_download(id=d[file], name=weights)
        else:  # download from pjreddie.com
            url = 'https://pjreddie.com/media/files/' + file
            print('Downloading ' + url)
            r = os.system('curl -f ' + url + ' -o ' + weights)

        # Error check
        if not (r == 0 and os.path.exists(weights) and os.path.getsize(weights) > 1E6):  # weights exist and > 1MB
            os.system('rm ' + weights)  # remove partial downloads
            raise Exception(msg)