chore: upstream Std.Data.Int

[joehendrix]

This depends on #3634.

[leanprover-community-mathlib4-bot]

Mathlib CI status (docs):

• ❗ Std/Mathlib CI will not be attempted unless your PR branches off the nightly-with-mathlib branch. Try git rebase 6af7a01af643e82e1deeb6b7523b8099d177b159 --onto 611b1746896bbadf459c00cc218fa31cf51b4e08. (2024-03-08 16:50:34)
• ❗ Std/Mathlib CI will not be attempted unless your PR branches off the nightly-with-mathlib branch. Try git rebase 6dd4f4b423a2d8c13fa2a47ffc52c2c94a46638a --onto ccac989ddab7aa0827c16f355c3cf305aa65fa8a. (2024-03-08 19:33:44)
• ❗ Std/Mathlib CI will not be attempted unless your PR branches off the nightly-with-mathlib branch. Try git rebase 1388f6bc83b5ea085fe14faa1db213e745c3e398 --onto 32dcc6eb895b58df3d3241a2521963e64995b621. (2024-03-11 21:42:54)