softirq: reduce latencies

In various network workloads, __do_softirq() latencies can be up
to 20 ms if HZ=1000, and 200 ms if HZ=100.

This is because we iterate 10 times in the softirq dispatcher,
and some actions can consume a lot of cycles.

This patch changes the fallback to ksoftirqd condition to :

- A time limit of 2 ms.
- need_resched() being set on current task

When one of this condition is met, we wakeup ksoftirqd for further
softirq processing if we still have pending softirqs.

Using need_resched() as the only condition can trigger RCU stalls,
as we can keep BH disabled for too long.

I ran several benchmarks and got no significant difference in
throughput, but a very significant reduction of latencies (one order
of magnitude) :

In following bench, 200 antagonist "netperf -t TCP_RR" are started in
background, using all available cpus.

Then we start one "netperf -t TCP_RR", bound to the cpu handling the NIC
IRQ (hard+soft)

Before patch :

# netperf -H 7.7.7.84 -t TCP_RR -T2,2 -- -k
RT_LATENCY,MIN_LATENCY,MAX_LATENCY,P50_LATENCY,P90_LATENCY,P99_LATENCY,MEAN_LATENCY,STDDEV_LATENCY
MIGRATED TCP REQUEST/RESPONSE TEST from 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) port 0 AF_INET
to 7.7.7.84 () port 0 AF_INET : first burst 0 : cpu bind
RT_LATENCY=550110.424
MIN_LATENCY=146858
MAX_LATENCY=997109
P50_LATENCY=305000
P90_LATENCY=550000
P99_LATENCY=710000
MEAN_LATENCY=376989.12
STDDEV_LATENCY=184046.92

After patch :

# netperf -H 7.7.7.84 -t TCP_RR -T2,2 -- -k
RT_LATENCY,MIN_LATENCY,MAX_LATENCY,P50_LATENCY,P90_LATENCY,P99_LATENCY,MEAN_LATENCY,STDDEV_LATENCY
MIGRATED TCP REQUEST/RESPONSE TEST from 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) port 0 AF_INET
to 7.7.7.84 () port 0 AF_INET : first burst 0 : cpu bind
RT_LATENCY=40545.492
MIN_LATENCY=9834
MAX_LATENCY=78366
P50_LATENCY=33583
P90_LATENCY=59000
P99_LATENCY=69000
MEAN_LATENCY=38364.67
STDDEV_LATENCY=12865.26

Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <[email protected]>
Cc: David Miller <[email protected]>
Cc: Tom Herbert <[email protected]>
Cc: Ben Hutchings <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>

kernel/softirq.c

@@ -195,21 +195,21 @@ void local_bh_enable_ip(unsigned long ip)
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(local_bh_enable_ip);
 
 /*
- * We restart softirq processing MAX_SOFTIRQ_RESTART times,
- * and we fall back to softirqd after that.
+ * We restart softirq processing for at most 2 ms,
+ * and if need_resched() is not set.
  *
- * This number has been established via experimentation.
+ * These limits have been established via experimentation.
  * The two things to balance is latency against fairness -
  * we want to handle softirqs as soon as possible, but they
  * should not be able to lock up the box.
  */
-#define MAX_SOFTIRQ_RESTART 10
+#define MAX_SOFTIRQ_TIME  msecs_to_jiffies(2)
 
 asmlinkage void __do_softirq(void)
 {
 	struct softirq_action *h;
 	__u32 pending;
-	int max_restart = MAX_SOFTIRQ_RESTART;
+	unsigned long end = jiffies + MAX_SOFTIRQ_TIME;
 	int cpu;
 	unsigned long old_flags = current->flags;
 
@@ -264,11 +264,12 @@ asmlinkage void __do_softirq(void)
 	local_irq_disable();
 
 	pending = local_softirq_pending();
-	if (pending && --max_restart)
-		goto restart;
+	if (pending) {
+		if (time_before(jiffies, end) && !need_resched())
+			goto restart;
 
-	if (pending)
 		wakeup_softirqd();
+	}
 
 	lockdep_softirq_exit();