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kevinrue committed Jul 5, 2024
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---
title: 'Gala: A Python package for galactic dynamics'
title: 'TVTB: The VCF Tool Box'
tags:
- Python
- astronomy
- dynamics
- galactic dynamics
- milky way
- Bioconductor
- Bioinformatics
authors:
- name: Adrian M. Price-Whelan
orcid: 0000-0000-0000-0000
equal-contrib: true
affiliation: "1, 2" # (Multiple affiliations must be quoted)
- name: Author Without ORCID
equal-contrib: true # (This is how you can denote equal contributions between multiple authors)
affiliation: 2
- name: Author with no affiliation
corresponding: true # (This is how to denote the corresponding author)
affiliation: 3
- given-names: Ludwig
dropping-particle: van
surname: Beethoven
affiliation: 3
- name: Kevin Rue-Albrecht
orcid: 0000-0003-3899-3872
affiliation: "1"
affiliations:
- name: Lyman Spitzer, Jr. Fellow, Princeton University, USA
- name: MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
index: 1
- name: Institution Name, Country
index: 2
- name: Independent Researcher, Country
index: 3
date: 13 August 2017
date: 05 July 2024
bibliography: paper.bib

# Optional fields if submitting to a AAS journal too, see this blog post:
# https://blog.joss.theoj.org/2018/12/a-new-collaboration-with-aas-publishing
aas-doi: 10.3847/xxxxx <- update this with the DOI from AAS once you know it.
aas-journal: Astrophysical Journal <- The name of the AAS journal.
#aas-doi: 10.3847/xxxxx <- update this with the DOI from AAS once you know it.
#aas-journal: Astrophysical Journal <- The name of the AAS journal.
---

# Summary

The forces on stars, galaxies, and dark matter under external gravitational
fields lead to the dynamical evolution of structures in the universe. The orbits
of these bodies are therefore key to understanding the formation, history, and
future state of galaxies. The field of "galactic dynamics," which aims to model
the gravitating components of galaxies to study their structure and evolution,
is now well-established, commonly taught, and frequently used in astronomy.
Aside from toy problems and demonstrations, the majority of problems require
efficient numerical tools, many of which require the same base code (e.g., for
performing numerical orbit integration).
`TVTB` is an R/Bioconductor package that offers a toolkit for the filtering,
summarisation, and visualisation of genetic variation data stored in
Variant Call Format (VCF) files pre-processed by the Ensembl Variant Effect
Predictor (VEP).
In particular, `TVTB` extends core Bioconductor infrastructure in the
`VariantAnnotation` and `S4Vectors` packages to define classes of filtering
rules applicable to the diverse fields of information recorded in the VCF
format.
An interactive web-application, the Shiny Variant Explorer, provides an
interface to demonstrate the package functionality in a programming-free
environment.

# Statement of need

The Variant Call Format (VCF) provides infrastructure for storing a plethora of
raw and processed information related to the analysis of genetic variation data.

Computational analysis ... exploration ... visualisation ...



The plethora of information stored in Variant Call Format (VCF) files

Analyses of genetic variation data produce a plethora of information

`Gala` is an Astropy-affiliated Python package for galactic dynamics. Python
enables wrapping low-level languages (e.g., C) for speed without losing
flexibility or ease-of-use in the user-interface. The API for `Gala` was
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