This is a (mostly) pure JavaScript implementation of the WebSocket protocol versions 8 and 13 for Node. There are some example client and server applications that implement various interoperability testing protocols in the "test" folder.
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As of version 1.0.4, WebSocket-Node now validates that incoming UTF-8 messages actually contain well-formed UTF-8 data, and will drop the connection if not. This is accomplished in a performant manner by using a native C++ module created by einaros. See the section about the Autobahn Test Suite below for details.
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WebSocket-Node was already one of the fastest WebSocket libraries for Node, and thanks to a small patch from kazuyukitanimura, this library is now up to 200% faster as of version 1.0.3!
Current Version: 1.0.4
- Firefox 7 (Old) (Protocol Version 8)
- Firefox 8 (Stable) (Protocol Version 8)
- Firefox 9 (Beta) (Protocol Version 8)
- Chrome 14 (Old) (Protocol Version 8)
- Chrome 15 (Stable) (Protocol Version 8)
- Chrome 16 (Beta) (Protocol Version 13)
- Internet Explorer 10 (Preview) (Protocol Version 8?)
Safari is not supported at this time as it uses an old draft of WebSockets
Note about FireFox: Firefox uses a prefixed constructor name in its client side JavaScript, MozWebSocket(), which will be changed to WebSocket() presumably when the WebSocket API has been finalized by the W3C.
I made a decision early on to explicitly avoid maintaining multiple slightly different copies of the same code just to support the browsers currently in the wild. The major browsers that support WebSocket are on a rapid-release schedule (with the exception of Safari) and now that the final version of the protocol has been published as an official RFC, it won't be long before support in the wild stabilizes on that version. My client application is in Flash/ActionScript 3, so for my purposes I'm not dependent on the browser implementations. I made an exception to my stated intention here to support protocol version 8 along with 13, since only one minor thing changed and it was trivial to handle conditionally. The library now interoperates with other clients and servers implementing draft -08 all the way up through the final RFC.
If you need to simultaneously support older production browser versions that had implemented draft-75/draft-76/draft-00, take a look here: https://gist.github.com/1428579
For a WebSocket protocol 8 (draft-10) client written in ActionScript 3, see my AS3WebScocket project.
There are some basic benchmarking sections in the Autobahn test suite. I've put up a benchmark page that shows the results from the Autobahn tests run against AutobahnServer 0.4.10, WebSocket-Node 1.0.2, WebSocket-Node 1.0.4, and ws 0.3.4.
The very complete Autobahn Test Suite is used by most WebSocket implementations to test spec compliance and interoperability.
Note about failing UTF-8 tests: There are some UTF-8 validation tests that fail due to the fact that according to the ECMAScript spec, V8 and subsequently Node cannot support Unicode characters outside the BMP (Basic Multilingual Plane.) JavaScript's String.fromCharCode() function truncates all code points to 16-bit, so you cannot decode higher plane code points in JavaScript. Google's V8 uses UCS-2 as its internal string representation, and they have no intention to change that any time soon, so it is not possible to decode higher plane code points in C++, to the best of my knowledge, because those characters are not representable in UCS-2 anyway. The Autobahn Test Suite requires that all valid Unicode code points survive a complete round trip, including code points that represent non-existent characters and characters above the BMP. Since JavaScript cannot represent any characters with a code point >= 65535, no JavaScript implementation of WebSockets can pass these UTF-8 tests without using a cheat, such as echoing back the original binary data without decoding and re-encoding the UTF-8 data, which is not representative of real-world practical application. I do not consider this to be a problem in the majority of circumstances since it is very unlikely to cause major issues in any real-world application as long as you don't need to use characters outside the BMP.
Note about the ws test results: The ws test results posted by einaros show "Pass" for these tests as run against ws, his WebSocket library for Node. These results are somewhat misleading. The reason they show as "Pass" is because its test application echoes back the original binary data for UTF-8 messages without the decode/encode phase that would be unavoidable under normal circumstances. I believe that defeats the intent of the Autobahn UTF-8 validation tests, and yields an inaccurate result. The results displayed for ws in the server test results below use a modified test application that includes the decode/encode phase.
This library has been used in production on worlize.com since April 2011 and seems to be stable. Your mileage may vary.
Note about Draft Naming and versioning: The draft number (draft-17) does not necessarily correspond to the protocol version (13.) Many times a new draft is released with only editorial changes, in which case the protocol version is not incremented. The drafts are interoperable within a protocol version, with only editorial changes. The current implementation of WebSocket-Node works protocol version 8 (drafts -08 through -12) and protocol version 13 (drafts -13 through -17 and the final RFC.)
Tested with the following node versions:
- 0.4.12
- 0.6.6
It may work in earlier or later versions but I'm not actively testing it outside of the listed versions. YMMV.
For more complete documentation, see the Documentation Wiki.
In your project root:
$ npm install websocket
Then in your code:
var WebSocketServer = require('websocket').server;
var WebSocketClient = require('websocket').client;
var WebSocketFrame = require('websocket').frame;
var WebSocketRouter = require('websocket').router;- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- Protocol version "8" and "13" (Draft-08 through the final RFC) framing and handshake
- Can handle/aggregate received fragmented messages
- Can fragment outgoing messages
- Router to mount multiple applications to various path and protocol combinations
- TLS supported for outbound connections via WebSocketClient
- Cookie setting and parsing
- Tunable settings
- Max Receivable Frame Size
- Max Aggregate ReceivedMessage Size
- Whether to fragment outgoing messages
- Fragmentation chunk size for outgoing messages
- Whether to automatically send ping frames for the purposes of keepalive
- Keep-alive ping interval
- Whether or not to automatically assemble received fragments (allows application to handle individual fragments directly)
- How long to wait after sending a close frame for acknowledgment before closing the socket.
- No API for user-provided protocol extensions.
- Haven't tested TLS for the Server. (Perhaps this is handled automatically by attaching the WebSocket server to a https.createServer instead of http.createServer?) My server implements TLS via stunnel->haproxy->node.
Here's a short example showing a server that echos back anything sent to it, whether utf-8 or binary.
#!/usr/bin/env node
var WebSocketServer = require('websocket').server;
var http = require('http');
var server = http.createServer(function(request, response) {
console.log((new Date()) + ' Received request for ' + request.url);
response.writeHead(404);
response.end();
});
server.listen(8080, function() {
console.log((new Date()) + ' Server is listening on port 8080');
});
wsServer = new WebSocketServer({
httpServer: server,
// You should not use autoAcceptConnections for production
// applications, as it defeats all standard cross-origin protection
// facilities built into the protocol and the browser. You should
// *always* verify the connection's origin and decide whether or not
// to accept it.
autoAcceptConnections: false
});
function originIsAllowed(origin) {
// put logic here to detect whether the specified origin is allowed.
return true;
}
wsServer.on('request', function(request) {
if (!originIsAllowed(request.origin)) {
// Make sure we only accept requests from an allowed origin
request.reject();
console.log((new Date()) + ' Connection from origin ' + request.origin + ' rejected.');
return;
}
var connection = request.accept('echo-protocol', request.origin);
console.log((new Date()) + ' Connection accepted.');
connection.on('message', function(message) {
if (message.type === 'utf8') {
console.log('Received Message: ' + message.utf8Data);
connection.sendUTF(message.utf8Data);
}
else if (message.type === 'binary') {
console.log('Received Binary Message of ' + message.binaryData.length + ' bytes');
connection.sendBytes(message.binaryData);
}
});
connection.on('close', function(reasonCode, description) {
console.log((new Date()) + ' Peer ' + connection.remoteAddress + ' disconnected.');
});
});This is a simple example client that will print out any utf-8 messages it receives on the console, and periodically sends a random number.
This code demonstrates a client in Node.js, not in the browser
#!/usr/bin/env node
var WebSocketClient = require('websocket').client;
var client = new WebSocketClient();
client.on('connectFailed', function(error) {
console.log('Connect Error: ' + error.toString());
});
client.on('connect', function(connection) {
console.log('WebSocket client connected');
connection.on('error', function(error) {
console.log("Connection Error: " + error.toString());
});
connection.on('close', function() {
console.log('echo-protocol Connection Closed');
});
connection.on('message', function(message) {
if (message.type === 'utf8') {
console.log("Received: '" + message.utf8Data + "'");
}
});
function sendNumber() {
if (connection.connected) {
var number = Math.round(Math.random() * 0xFFFFFF);
connection.sendUTF(number.toString());
setTimeout(sendNumber, 1000);
}
}
sendNumber();
});
client.connect('ws://localhost:8080/', 'echo-protocol');For an example of using the request router, see libwebsockets-test-server.js in the test folder.
A presentation on the state of the WebSockets protocol that I gave on July 23, 2011 at the LA Hacker News meetup. WebSockets: The Real-Time Web, Delivered