[Bug] Usage of node: imports for builtin modules

[theoludwig]

🐛 Bug Report

With the arrival of Node.js v16, we can now use node: to load Node.js builtin modules with require.
See: https://nodejs.org/api/esm.html#esm_node_imports

But currently with jest, we can't, it fails.

To Reproduce

Steps to reproduce the behavior (it is a stupid example, only to show the error):

In a file lib.js :

const path = require('node:path')

const getPath = (string) => {
  return path.resolve(string)
}

module.exports = getPath

And a file lib.test.js :

const getPath = require('./lib.js')

test('getPath', () => {
  expect(getPath('./app').endsWith('/app')).toBeTruthy()
})

Expected behavior

To make it work again, I need to change const path = require('node:path') to const path = require('path').

Problematic code

https://github.com/facebook/jest/blob/7a64ede2163eba4ecc725f448cd92102cd8c14aa/packages/jest-runtime/src/index.ts#L1909-L1919

envinfo

  System:
    OS: Linux 5.8 Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS (Focal Fossa)
    CPU: (4) x64 Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4690K CPU @ 3.50GHz
  Binaries:
    Node: 16.4.0 - ~/.nvm/versions/node/v16.4.0/bin/node
    npm: 7.19.1 - ~/Documents/Thream/api/node_modules/.bin/npm
  npmPackages:
    jest: 27.0.6 => 27.0.6 

[SimenB]

#11331

[github-actions]

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