ESPHome Noise Transport Encryption support

[OttoWinter]

Proposed change

Add transport encryption support to the ESPHome integration

This system allows for all messages between the ESP and HA to be transport encrypted using the noise protocol with (base64 32byte) pre-shared key.

The config flow detects when encryption is used, and redirects the user to the encryption step.

When an existing device enables encryption, we detect this in the connect method and initiate a reauth flow.

References:

• API encryption esphome/esphome#2254
• Add noise API transport support esphome/aioesphomeapi#100
• Emit different Exception types to differentiate between connection errors esphome/aioesphomeapi#102
• https://github.com/esphome/aioesphomeapi/releases/tag/v9.1.0

Type of change

• Dependency upgrade
• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New integration (thank you!)
• New feature (which adds functionality to an existing integration)
• Breaking change (fix/feature causing existing functionality to break)
• Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests

Additional information

• This PR fixes or closes issue: fixes #
• This PR is related to issue:
• Link to documentation pull request:

Checklist

• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Local tests pass. Your PR cannot be merged unless tests pass
• There is no commented out code in this PR.
• I have followed the development checklist
• The code has been formatted using Black (black --fast homeassistant tests)
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works.

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated for www.home-assistant.io

If the code communicates with devices, web services, or third-party tools:

• The manifest file has all fields filled out correctly.
  Updated and included derived files by running: python3 -m script.hassfest.
• New or updated dependencies have been added to requirements_all.txt.
  Updated by running python3 -m script.gen_requirements_all.
• For the updated dependencies - a link to the changelog, or at minimum a diff between library versions is added to the PR description.
• Untested files have been added to .coveragerc.

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To help with the load of incoming pull requests:

• I have reviewed two other open pull requests in this repository.

[probot-home-assistant]

Hey there @jesserockz, mind taking a look at this pull request as it has been labeled with an integration (esphome) you are listed as a code owner for? Thanks!
_{^{(message by CodeOwnersMention)}}

[emontnemery]

LGTM