Java
Hackerrank problem template
import java.io.*;
import java.math.*;
import java.security.*;
import java.text.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.function.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
import java.util.stream.*;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.joining;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;
class Result {
/*
* Complete the 'reverseArray' function below.
*
* The function is expected to return an INTEGER_ARRAY.
* The function accepts INTEGER_ARRAY a as parameter.
*/
public static List<Integer> reverseArray(List<Integer> a) {
// Write your code here
List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
for(int i = a.size()-1; i >= 0; i--){
result.add(a.get(i));
}
return result;
}
}
public class Solution {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(System.getenv("OUTPUT_PATH")));
int arrCount = Integer.parseInt(bufferedReader.readLine().trim());
List<Integer> arr = Stream.of(bufferedReader.readLine().replaceAll("\\s+$", "").split(" "))
.map(Integer::parseInt)
.collect(toList());
List<Integer> res = Result.reverseArray(arr);
bufferedWriter.write(
res.stream()
.map(Object::toString)
.collect(joining(" "))
+ "\n"
);
bufferedReader.close();
bufferedWriter.close();
}
}JEP 218: Generics over Primitive Types
https://marcus-biel.com/object-clone-method/
https://dzone.com/articles/java-copy-shallow-vs-deep-in-which-you-will-swim
http://jcip.net.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18162863/how-to-run-different-methods-parallely
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53557091/how-to-execute-the-same-method-concurrently-in-java
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/CompletableFuture.html
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/concurrency/exinter.html
- Declaration - associate a variable name with an object type
- Instantiation - The
newkeyword is a java operator that creates the object - Initialization - The
newoperator is followed by a call to a constructor, which initializes the new object
type name;
- The
newoperator instantiates a class by allocating memory for a new object and returning a reference to that memory. Thenewoperator also invokes the object constructor. - The
newoperator requires a single, postfix argument: a call to a constructor. The name of the constructor provides the name of the class to instantiate. - The
newoperator returns a reference to the object it created. This reference is usually assigned to a variable of the appropriate type, like:
Point originOne = new Point(23, 94);
- The reference returned by the
newoperator does not have to be assigned to a variable. It can also be used directly in an expression. For example:
int height = new Rectangle().height;
public class Point {
public int x = 0;
public int y = 0;
//constructor
public Point(int a, int b) {
x = a;
y = b;
}
}Point originOne = new Point(23, 94);
public class Rectangle {
public int width = 0;
public int height = 0;
public Point origin;
// four constructors
public Rectangle() {
origin = new Point(0, 0);
}
public Rectangle(Point p) {
origin = p;
}
public Rectangle(int w, int h) {
origin = new Point(0, 0);
width = w;
height = h;
}
public Rectangle(Point p, int w, int h) {
origin = p;
width = w;
height = h;
}
// a method for moving the rectangle
public void move(int x, int y) {
origin.x = x;
origin.y = y;
}
// a method for computing the area of the rectangle
public int getArea() {
return width * height;
}
}Rectangle rectOne = new Rectangle(originOne, 100, 200);
an object can have multiple references to it, as shown below
All classes have at least one constructor. If a class does not explicitly declare any, the Java compiler automatically provides a no-argument constructor, called the default constructor. This default constructor calls the class parent's no-argument constructor, or the
Objectconstructor if the class has no other parent. If the parent has no constructor (Objectdoes have one), the compiler will reject the program.
Java provides four access modifiers to set access levels for classes, variables, methods and constructors i.e. public, private, protected and default.
- public – accessible everywhere
- protected – accessible in the same package and subclasses outside the package
- default – accessible only in the same package
- private – accessible only in the same class
public > protected > package-private (or default) > private
to access a public class in the different package, class needs to needs to be imported first
the fields in an interface are implicitly public static final and the methods in an interface are, by default, public.
The topmost classes and interfaces cannot be private.
Local variables and formal parameters cannot take access specifiers. Since they are inherently inaccessible to the outside according to scoping rules, they are effectively private.
Both private and protected can be (and frequently are) applied to nested classes and interfaces, just never top-level classes and interfaces.
Levels of access control
- Class level access – allows modifiers to be public, or package-private (default).
- Method level access – allows modifiers to be public, private, protected, or package-private (default).