Add critsec to rp2040 xfer, check endpoint status

[gemarcano]

Describe the PR
hw_endpoint_lock_update is unimplemented for the rp2040 port. This PR takes a stab at implementing it. Without it, if the USB port is disconnected, say with tud_disconnect, a race condition can happen where a transfer is in progress and the USB IRQ can fire, calling reset_non_control_endpoints and leaving the ongoing transfer in a bad state, as it tries to access endpoint data structures that are now zero'd.

While debugging that main issue, I also found some cases of the rp2040 port assuming that an endpoint data structure exists for all endpoints, which is not the case as endpoint 0 has none. I've also included a few simple fixes for these.

Additional context
I've documented a lot of my debugging attempts in this discussion: #1764

I'm not super familiar with the tinyusb coding style, and I'm not sure my lock implementation is right (very naive, likely bad reference counting, might need atomic_int instead of int?).

[Slion]

This did not work so well for me as already mentioned there: #1764 (comment)
Still, very interesting stuff, thanks for sharing.

[Slion]

A lot has change in my project since I first came across this issue and now somehow even with the workarounds I had built-in I found a use case where I would always get PANIC ep 0 out was already available

So I eventually decided to checkout your branch gemarcano:rp2040_irq_lock_fix and sure enough it worked 🥳

Then I decided to remove the workaround I had in place to take care of the worst cases. It's basically filtering out some HID reports causing multiple USB remounts. Without it still did not panic but the USB connection seems to be broken somehow, not responding. I'll have to leave that workaround for now but it looks like I'll keep using your patch for the time being.

[Slion]

As I was trying to rebase that on the tip of master I realised the tip of master works just fine too. Same symptom as described above. So I'm afraid I can't tell if that patch helps in any way after all. What's sure is that it works just as well as the tip of master apparently. I could rebase it with no conflict too.

[Slion]

Tip of master still gave me that Panic after all, so I've started trying that patch again. Sure enough, I have not seen that Panic since. A couple of crashes and reboots maybe but possibly unrelated.