Backport of bubble up the error message from go-getter into release/1.6.x

[hc-github-team-nomad-core]

Backport

This PR is auto-generated from #18444 to be assessed for backporting due to the inclusion of the label backport/1.6.x.

The below text is copied from the body of the original PR.

---

possible fix for #18442

EDIT:

Tested the locally built Nomad agent binary using nomad agent -dev with:

mkdir large_tar
cd large_tar/
mkdir data
for i in {1..5000} ; do echo "" > data/$i.txt; done
tar czvf data.tar.gz data/
python3 -m http.server 9000

job "tar_fail" {

  group "cache" {
    network {
      port "db" {
        to = 6379
      }
    }

    task "redis" {
      artifact {
        source      = "http://127.0.0.1:9000/data.tar.gz"
        destination = "local/some-directory"
      }

      driver = "docker"

      config {
        image          = "redis:7"
        ports          = ["db"]
        auth_soft_fail = true
      }

      identity {
        env  = true
        file = true
      }

      resources {
        cpu    = 500
        memory = 256
      }
    }
  }
}

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• 12580c3