Make some associated functions of Color const (bevyengine#16091)

# Objective
Make the following functions `const` that will be useful to define
colors as constants.

- `Color::srgb_from_array`
- `Color::srgba_u8`
- `Color::srgb_u8`

The last two require Rust 1.82.0.

## Solution
- Make them `const`
- Change MSRV to 1.82.0

## Testing
I tested bevy_color only. My machine does not have enough RAM capacity
to test the whole bevy.

`cargo test -p bevy_color`

Cargo.toml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ keywords = ["game", "engine", "gamedev", "graphics", "bevy"]
 license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
 repository = "https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy"
 documentation = "https://docs.rs/bevy"
-rust-version = "1.81.0"
+rust-version = "1.82.0"
 
 [workspace]
 exclude = [

crates/bevy_color/src/color.rs

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ impl Color {
     }
 
     /// Reads an array of floats to creates a new [`Color`] object storing a [`Srgba`] color with an alpha of 1.0.
-    pub fn srgb_from_array(array: [f32; 3]) -> Self {
+    pub const fn srgb_from_array(array: [f32; 3]) -> Self {
         Self::Srgba(Srgba {
             red: array[0],
             green: array[1],
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ impl Color {
     /// Creates a new [`Color`] object storing a [`Srgba`] color from [`u8`] values.
     ///
     /// A value of 0 is interpreted as 0.0, and a value of 255 is interpreted as 1.0.
-    pub fn srgba_u8(red: u8, green: u8, blue: u8, alpha: u8) -> Self {
+    pub const fn srgba_u8(red: u8, green: u8, blue: u8, alpha: u8) -> Self {
         Self::Srgba(Srgba {
             red: red as f32 / 255.0,
             green: green as f32 / 255.0,
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ impl Color {
     /// Creates a new [`Color`] object storing a [`Srgba`] color from [`u8`] values with an alpha of 1.0.
     ///
     /// A value of 0 is interpreted as 0.0, and a value of 255 is interpreted as 1.0.
-    pub fn srgb_u8(red: u8, green: u8, blue: u8) -> Self {
+    pub const fn srgb_u8(red: u8, green: u8, blue: u8) -> Self {
         Self::Srgba(Srgba {
             red: red as f32 / 255.0,
             green: green as f32 / 255.0,