feat(k8s): add kubernetes module type

For those times when you want to deploy your own manifests, but don't
need the features and complexity of Helm modules.

See the kubernetes-module example for usage.

docs/reference/module-types/kubernetes.md

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+# `kubernetes` reference
+
+Below is the schema reference for the `kubernetes` module type. For an introduction to configuring Garden modules, please look at our [Configuration guide](../../using-garden/configuration-files.md).
+
+The reference is divided into two sections. The [first section](#configuration-keys) lists and describes the available schema keys. The [second section](#complete-yaml-schema) contains the complete YAML schema.
+
+## Configuration keys
+
+### `module`
+
+
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `object` | No
+### `module.build`
+[module](#module) > build
+
+Specify how to build the module. Note that plugins may define additional keys on this object.
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `object` | No
+### `module.build.dependencies[]`
+[module](#module) > [build](#module.build) > dependencies
+
+A list of modules that must be built before this module is built.
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `array[object]` | No
+
+Example:
+```yaml
+module:
+  ...
+  build:
+    ...
+    dependencies:
+      - name: some-other-module-name
+```
+### `module.build.dependencies[].name`
+[module](#module) > [build](#module.build) > [dependencies](#module.build.dependencies[]) > name
+
+Module name to build ahead of this module.
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `string` | Yes
+### `module.build.dependencies[].copy[]`
+[module](#module) > [build](#module.build) > [dependencies](#module.build.dependencies[]) > copy
+
+Specify one or more files or directories to copy from the built dependency to this module.
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `array[object]` | No
+### `module.build.dependencies[].copy[].source`
+[module](#module) > [build](#module.build) > [dependencies](#module.build.dependencies[]) > [copy](#module.build.dependencies[].copy[]) > source
+
+POSIX-style path or filename of the directory or file(s) to copy to the target.
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `string` | Yes
+### `module.build.dependencies[].copy[].target`
+[module](#module) > [build](#module.build) > [dependencies](#module.build.dependencies[]) > [copy](#module.build.dependencies[].copy[]) > target
+
+POSIX-style path or filename to copy the directory or file(s) to (defaults to same as source path).
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `string` | No
+### `module.dependencies[]`
+[module](#module) > dependencies
+
+List of names of services that should be deployed before this chart.
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `array[string]` | No
+### `module.manifests[]`
+[module](#module) > manifests
+
+List of Kubernetes resource manifests to deploy. Use this instead of the `files` field if you need to resolve template strings in any of the manifests.
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `array[object]` | No
+### `module.manifests[].apiVersion`
+[module](#module) > [manifests](#module.manifests[]) > apiVersion
+
+The API version of the resource.
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `string` | Yes
+### `module.manifests[].kind`
+[module](#module) > [manifests](#module.manifests[]) > kind
+
+The kind of the resource.
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `string` | Yes
+### `module.manifests[].metadata`
+[module](#module) > [manifests](#module.manifests[]) > metadata
+
+
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `object` | Yes
+### `module.manifests[].metadata.name`
+[module](#module) > [manifests](#module.manifests[]) > [metadata](#module.manifests[].metadata) > name
+
+The name of the resource.
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `string` | Yes
+### `module.files[]`
+[module](#module) > files
+
+POSIX-style paths to YAML files to load manifests from. Each can contain multiple manifests.
+
+| Type | Required |
+| ---- | -------- |
+| `array[string]` | No
+
+
+## Complete YAML schema
+```yaml
+module:
+  build:
+    dependencies:
+      - name:
+        copy:
+          - source:
+            target: ''
+  dependencies: []
+  manifests:
+    - apiVersion:
+      kind:
+      metadata:
+        name:
+  files: []
+```

examples/kubernetes-module/README.md

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+# `kubernetes` module type example
+
+This is a simple example demonstrating the `kubernetes` module type.
+The `kubernetes` module type is useful when you want to deploy your own manifests to Kubernetes, but don't need the
+features (and complexity) of `helm` modules.
+
+This example contains a `redis` module and a `postgres` module. Both contain manifests that are, for the purposes of
+this example, rendered from their respective official Helm charts (by running the `helm template` command).
+
+The `redis` module has its manifests in a separate YAML file, whereas the `postgres` module has the manifests inlined
+in the `garden.yml` file, which allows us to use template strings to set variable values.
+We set the Postgres instance password through a variable in the project `garden.yml` to demonstrate that capability.
+
+To give it a spin, just run `garden deploy` in the module directory.
+
+To see that the Postgres password was correctly set, run `kubectl -n kubernetes-module get secret postgres -o yaml`
+and check that the password matches the one in the project `garden.yml` file.

examples/kubernetes-module/garden.yml

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+kind: Project
+name: kubernetes-module
+environments:
+  - name: local
+    providers:
+      - name: local-kubernetes
+    variables:
+      postgres-password: "Y0RGQjBHUmpWZQ=="

examples/kubernetes-module/postgres/garden.yml

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+kind: Module
+type: kubernetes
+name: postgres
+description: Postgres deployment with kubernetes manifests inlined (extracted from the stable/postgresql Helm chart)
+manifests:
+    # Source: postgresql/templates/secrets.yaml
+  - apiVersion: v1
+    kind: Secret
+    metadata:
+      name: postgres
+      labels:
+        app: postgresql
+        chart: postgresql-3.9.2
+        release: "postgres"
+        heritage: "Tiller"
+    type: Opaque
+    data:
+      postgresql-password: ${variables.postgres-password}
+    # Source: postgresql/templates/svc-headless.yaml
+  - apiVersion: v1
+    kind: Service
+    metadata:
+      name: postgres-headless
+      labels:
+        app: postgresql
+        chart: postgresql-3.9.2
+        release: "postgres"
+        heritage: "Tiller"
+    spec:
+      type: ClusterIP
+      clusterIP: None
+      ports:
+        - name: postgresql
+          port: 5432
+          targetPort: postgresql
+      selector:
+        app: postgresql
+        release: "postgres"
+    # Source: postgresql/templates/svc.yaml
+  - apiVersion: v1
+    kind: Service
+    metadata:
+      name: postgres
+      labels:
+        app: postgresql
+        chart: postgresql-3.9.2
+        release: "postgres"
+        heritage: "Tiller"
+    spec:
+      type: ClusterIP
+      ports:
+        - name: postgresql
+          port: 5432
+          targetPort: postgresql
+      selector:
+        app: postgresql
+        release: "postgres"
+        role: master
+  - # Source: postgresql/templates/statefulset.yaml
+    apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
+    kind: StatefulSet
+    metadata:
+      name: postgres
+      labels:
+        app: postgresql
+        chart: postgresql-3.9.2
+        release: "postgres"
+        heritage: "Tiller"
+    spec:
+      serviceName: postgres-headless
+      replicas: 1
+      updateStrategy:
+        type: RollingUpdate
+      selector:
+        matchLabels:
+          app: postgresql
+          release: "postgres"
+          role: master
+      template:
+        metadata:
+          name: postgres
+          labels:
+            app: postgresql
+            chart: postgresql-3.9.2
+            release: "postgres"
+            heritage: "Tiller"
+            role: master
+        spec:
+          securityContext:
+            fsGroup: 1001
+            runAsUser: 1001
+          initContainers:
+            - name: init-chmod-data
+              image: docker.io/bitnami/minideb:latest
+              imagePullPolicy: "Always"
+              resources:
+                requests:
+                  cpu: 250m
+                  memory: 256Mi
+
+              command:
+                - sh
+                - -c
+                - |
+                  chown -R 1001:1001 /bitnami
+                  if [ -d /bitnami/postgresql/data ]; then
+                    chmod  0700 /bitnami/postgresql/data;
+                  fi
+              securityContext:
+                runAsUser: 0
+              volumeMounts:
+                - name: data
+                  mountPath: /bitnami/postgresql
+          containers:
+            - name: postgres
+              image: docker.io/bitnami/postgresql:10.6.0
+              imagePullPolicy: "Always"
+              resources:
+                requests:
+                  cpu: 250m
+                  memory: 256Mi
+
+              env:
+                - name: POSTGRESQL_USERNAME
+                  value: "postgres"
+                - name: POSTGRESQL_PASSWORD
+                  valueFrom:
+                    secretKeyRef:
+                      name: postgres
+                      key: postgresql-password
+              ports:
+                - name: postgresql
+                  containerPort: 5432
+              livenessProbe:
+                exec:
+                  command:
+                    - sh
+                    - -c
+                    - exec pg_isready -U "postgres" -h localhost
+                initialDelaySeconds: 30
+                periodSeconds: 10
+                timeoutSeconds: 5
+                successThreshold: 1
+                failureThreshold: 6
+              readinessProbe:
+                exec:
+                  command:
+                    - sh
+                    - -c
+                    - exec pg_isready -U "postgres" -h localhost
+                initialDelaySeconds: 5
+                periodSeconds: 10
+                timeoutSeconds: 5
+                successThreshold: 1
+                failureThreshold: 6
+              volumeMounts:
+                - name: data
+                  mountPath: /bitnami/postgresql
+          volumes:
+      volumeClaimTemplates:
+        - metadata:
+            name: data
+          spec:
+            accessModes:
+              - "ReadWriteOnce"
+            resources:
+              requests:
+                storage: "8Gi"

examples/kubernetes-module/redis/garden.yml

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+kind: Module
+type: kubernetes
+name: redis
+description: Redis deployment with kubernetes manifests in a file ((extracted from the stable/redis Helm chart))
+files: [redis.yml]