Expand scope of quoted-annotation rule (astral-sh#5766)

## Summary

Previously, the `quoted-annotation` rule only removed quotes when `from
__future__ import annotations` was present. However, there are some
other cases in which this is also safe -- for example:

```python
def foo():
    x: "MyClass"
```

We already model these in the semantic model, so this PR just expands
the scope of the rule to handle those.

crates/ruff/resources/test/fixtures/pyupgrade/UP037.py → crates/ruff/resources/test/fixtures/pyupgrade/UP037_0.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+"""A mirror of UP037_1.py, with `from __future__ import annotations`."""
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import (

crates/ruff/resources/test/fixtures/pyupgrade/UP037_1.py

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+"""A mirror of UP037_0.py, without `from __future__ import annotations`."""
+
+from typing import (
+    Annotated,
+    Callable,
+    List,
+    Literal,
+    NamedTuple,
+    Tuple,
+    TypeVar,
+    TypedDict,
+    cast,
+)
+
+from mypy_extensions import Arg, DefaultArg, DefaultNamedArg, NamedArg, VarArg
+
+
+def foo(var: "MyClass") -> "MyClass":
+    x: "MyClass"
+
+
+def foo(*, inplace: "bool"):
+    pass
+
+
+def foo(*args: "str", **kwargs: "int"):
+    pass
+
+
+x: Tuple["MyClass"]
+
+x: Callable[["MyClass"], None]
+
+
+class Foo(NamedTuple):
+    x: "MyClass"
+
+
+class D(TypedDict):
+    E: TypedDict("E", foo="int", total=False)
+
+
+class D(TypedDict):
+    E: TypedDict("E", {"foo": "int"})
+
+
+x: Annotated["str", "metadata"]
+
+x: Arg("str", "name")
+
+x: DefaultArg("str", "name")
+
+x: NamedArg("str", "name")
+
+x: DefaultNamedArg("str", "name")
+
+x: DefaultNamedArg("str", name="name")
+
+x: VarArg("str")
+
+x: List[List[List["MyClass"]]]
+
+x: NamedTuple("X", [("foo", "int"), ("bar", "str")])
+
+x: NamedTuple("X", fields=[("foo", "int"), ("bar", "str")])
+
+x: NamedTuple(typename="X", fields=[("foo", "int")])
+
+X: MyCallable("X")
+
+
+# OK
+class D(TypedDict):
+    E: TypedDict("E")
+
+
+x: Annotated[()]
+
+x: DefaultNamedArg(name="name", quox="str")
+
+x: DefaultNamedArg(name="name")
+
+x: NamedTuple("X", [("foo",), ("bar",)])
+
+x: NamedTuple("X", ["foo", "bar"])
+
+x: NamedTuple()
+
+x: Literal["foo", "bar"]
+
+x = cast(x, "str")
+
+
+def foo(x, *args, **kwargs):
+    ...
+
+
+def foo(*, inplace):
+    ...
+
+
+x: Annotated[1:2] = ...
+
+x = TypeVar("x", "str", "int")
+
+x = cast("str", x)
+
+X = List["MyClass"]

crates/ruff/src/checkers/ast/mod.rs

@@ -4581,7 +4581,7 @@ impl<'a> Checker<'a> {
 
                     self.semantic.restore(snapshot);
 
-                    if self.semantic.in_annotation() && self.semantic.future_annotations() {
+                    if self.semantic.in_typing_only_annotation() {
                         if self.enabled(Rule::QuotedAnnotation) {
                             pyupgrade::rules::quoted_annotation(self, value, range);
                         }

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/mod.rs

@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ mod tests {
     #[test_case(Rule::OutdatedVersionBlock, Path::new("UP036_5.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::PrintfStringFormatting, Path::new("UP031_0.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::PrintfStringFormatting, Path::new("UP031_1.py"))]
-    #[test_case(Rule::QuotedAnnotation, Path::new("UP037.py"))]
+    #[test_case(Rule::QuotedAnnotation, Path::new("UP037_0.py"))]
+    #[test_case(Rule::QuotedAnnotation, Path::new("UP037_1.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::RedundantOpenModes, Path::new("UP015.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::ReplaceStdoutStderr, Path::new("UP022.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::ReplaceUniversalNewlines, Path::new("UP021.py"))]

crates/ruff/src/rules/pyupgrade/rules/quoted_annotation.rs

@@ -15,6 +15,11 @@ use crate::registry::Rule;
 /// will always evaluate type annotations in a deferred manner, making
 /// the quotes unnecessary.
 ///
+/// Type annotations can also be unquoted in some other contexts, even
+/// without `from __future__ import annotations`. For example, annotated
+/// assignments within function bodies are not evaluated at runtime, and so can
+/// be unquoted.
+///
 /// ## Example
 /// ```python
 /// from __future__ import annotations