[8.10](backport #36846) [Automation] Bump Golang version to 1.20.10

[mergify]

This is an automatic backport of pull request #36846 done by Mergify.
Cherry-pick of 6be0d18 has failed:

On branch mergify/bp/8.10/pr-36846
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/8.10'.

You are currently cherry-picking commit 6be0d18448.
  (fix conflicts and run "git cherry-pick --continue")
  (use "git cherry-pick --skip" to skip this patch)
  (use "git cherry-pick --abort" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)

Changes to be committed:
	modified:   .go-version
	modified:   .golangci.yml
	modified:   CHANGELOG.next.asciidoc
	modified:   auditbeat/Dockerfile
	modified:   dev-tools/kubernetes/filebeat/Dockerfile.debug
	modified:   dev-tools/kubernetes/heartbeat/Dockerfile.debug
	modified:   dev-tools/kubernetes/metricbeat/Dockerfile.debug
	modified:   heartbeat/Dockerfile
	modified:   metricbeat/Dockerfile
	modified:   metricbeat/module/http/_meta/Dockerfile
	modified:   metricbeat/module/nats/_meta/Dockerfile
	modified:   metricbeat/module/vsphere/_meta/Dockerfile
	modified:   packetbeat/Dockerfile
	modified:   x-pack/functionbeat/Dockerfile
	modified:   x-pack/metricbeat/module/stan/_meta/Dockerfile

Unmerged paths:
  (use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
	both modified:   libbeat/docs/version.asciidoc

To fix up this pull request, you can check it out locally. See documentation: https://docs.github.com/en/github/collaborating-with-pull-requests/reviewing-changes-in-pull-requests/checking-out-pull-requests-locally

---

Mergify commands and options

More conditions and actions can be found in the documentation.

You can also trigger Mergify actions by commenting on this pull request:

• @Mergifyio refresh will re-evaluate the rules
• @Mergifyio rebase will rebase this PR on its base branch
• @Mergifyio update will merge the base branch into this PR
• @Mergifyio backport <destination> will backport this PR on <destination> branch

Additionally, on Mergify dashboard you can:

• look at your merge queues
• generate the Mergify configuration with the config editor.

Finally, you can contact us on https://mergify.com

[elasticmachine]

💚 Build Succeeded

the below badges are clickable and redirect to their specific view in the CI or DOCS

Expand to view the summary

Build stats

• Start Time: 2023-10-18T15:19:11.429+0000

• Duration: 128 min 34 sec

Test stats 🧪

Test	Results
Failed	0
Passed	27798
Skipped	1987
Total	29785

💚 Flaky test report

Tests succeeded.

🤖 GitHub comments

Expand to view the GitHub comments

To re-run your PR in the CI, just comment with:

• /test : Re-trigger the build.

• /package : Generate the packages and run the E2E tests.

• /beats-tester : Run the installation tests with beats-tester.

• run elasticsearch-ci/docs : Re-trigger the docs validation. (use unformatted text in the comment!)

[cmacknz]

/package

[cmacknz]

[2023-10-16T21:05:20.919Z] Unable to find image 'docker.elastic.co/observability-ci/golang-crossbuild:1.20.10-npcap-1.71-debian9' locally

[2023-10-16T21:05:21.120Z] docker: Error response from daemon: manifest for docker.elastic.co/observability-ci/golang-crossbuild:1.20.10-npcap-1.71-debian9 not found: manifest unknown: manifest unknown.