[8.3](backport #32979) Add missing cluster metadata to multiple k8s metricsests

[mergify]

This is an automatic backport of pull request #32979 done by Mergify.
Cherry-pick of 1f5b863 has failed:

On branch mergify/bp/8.3/pr-32979
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/8.3'.

You are currently cherry-picking commit 1f5b863424.
  (fix conflicts and run "git cherry-pick --continue")
  (use "git cherry-pick --skip" to skip this patch)
  (use "git cherry-pick --abort" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)

Changes to be committed:
	modified:   CHANGELOG.next.asciidoc
	modified:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/proxy/_meta/test/metrics.proxy.1.14.expected
	modified:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/proxy/proxy.go
	modified:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/scheduler/_meta/test/metrics.scheduler.1.14.expected
	modified:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/scheduler/_meta/test/metrics.scheduler.1.17.expected
	modified:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/scheduler/scheduler.go
	modified:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/system/system.go
	modified:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/util/kubernetes.go
	modified:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/util/prometheus.go
	modified:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/volume/volume.go

Unmerged paths:
  (use "git add/rm <file>..." as appropriate to mark resolution)
	both modified:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/apiserver/_meta/test/metrics.1.14.expected
	both modified:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/apiserver/apiserver.go
	both modified:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/apiserver/metricset.go
	deleted by us:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/controllermanager/_meta/test/metrics.1.20.expected
	both modified:   metricbeat/module/kubernetes/controllermanager/controllermanager.go

To fix up this pull request, you can check it out locally. See documentation: https://docs.github.com/en/github/collaborating-with-pull-requests/reviewing-changes-in-pull-requests/checking-out-pull-requests-locally

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[elasticmachine]

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• Start Time: 2022-09-11T15:51:58.611+0000

• Duration: 54 min 5 sec

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Test	Results
Failed	0
Passed	3545
Skipped	869
Total	4414

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[mergify]

This pull request has not been merged yet. Could you please review and merge it @tetianakravchenko? 🙏