PR: Implement support for Python 3.12.

[KelSolaar]

Summary

This PR implements support for Python 3.12. A few new pre-commit hooks were also added according to https://learn.scientific-python.org/development/guides/repo-review/?repo=colour-science%2Fcolour&branch=develop.

I was not able to install PyGraphviz on macOS Sonoma so it was excluded in the pyproject.toml file. So is OpenColorIO which has no 3.12 wheels yet.

Preflight

Code Style and Quality

• Unit tests have been implemented and passed.
• Pyright static checking has been run and passed.
• Pre-commit hooks have been run and passed.
• [N/A] New transformations have been added to the Automatic Colour Conversion Graph.
• [N/A] New transformations have been exported to the relevant namespaces, e.g. colour, colour.models.

Documentation

• [N/A] New features are documented along with examples if relevant.
• [N/A] The documentation is Sphinx and numpydoc compliant.

[coveralls]

coverage: 99.733%. remained the same
when pulling 79afdd0 on feature/python-3.12
into c816594 on develop.