The addition of new columns on cluster_settings view done
on #104449 were causing debug zip fails to add the
information from that table, since the query used to
gather the information was doing a join and not considering
the new columns.

This commit updates the query to use the explicit columns,
so even if new columns are added it won't be a problem in the future.
It also adds tests for all custom querys used to generate the
debug zip, so this type of issue would have been caught.

The file `crdb_internal.cluster_settings.txt` in debug zips was
empty due to this bug on v23.1.5 (only version affected by this bug).

Fixes #107103

Release note (bug fix): Debug zip now are properly showing the
information from cluster_settings. The file
`crdb_internal.cluster_settings.txt` in debug zips was empty
due to this bug on v23.1.5 (only version affected by this bug).