release-23.2: storage: restore optimization for inline puts/deletes

[sumeerbhola]

Backport 1/1 commits from #112586.

/cc @cockroachdb/release

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We had an optimization that avoided constructing an iterator over the locktable key space when doing inline puts/deletes. This was lost in ac14ebb that constructed a lockTableKeyScanner even for inline puts/deletes. The optimization is restored here to fix the regression discussed in #111919 (comment).

Informs #111919

Epic: none

Release note: None

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Release justification: Low risk fix to performance regression.

[blathers-crl]

Thanks for opening a backport.

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[cockroach-teamcity]

This change is