Merge pull request ethereum#49 from Keeper-Wallet/waves

Add Waves namespace

waves/README.md

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+---
+namespace-identifier: waves
+title: Waves Ecosystem
+author: Maxim Smolyakov (@msmolyakov), Yury Sidorov (@darksyd94)
+status: Draft
+type: Informational
+created: 2023-01-19
+requires: ["CAIP-2", "CAIP-10", "CAIP-19"]
+---
+
+# Namespace for Waves Blockchains
+
+This document defines the applicability of CAIP schemes to the blockchains of
+the Waves ecosystem.
+
+## References
+
+- [Official website](https://waves.tech)
+- [Waves Documentation](https://docs.waves.tech)
+- [Waves Developer Portal](https://dev.waves.tech)
+
+## Copyright
+
+Copyright and related rights waived via CC0.

waves/caip-10.md

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+---
+namespace-identifier: waves-caip10
+title: Waves Namespace - Addresses
+author: Maxim Smolyakov (@msmolyakov), Yury Sidorov (@darksyd94)
+discussions-to: 
+status: Draft
+type: Standard
+created: 2023-01-19
+requires: ["CAIP-2", "CAIP-10"]
+---
+
+# CAIP-10
+
+*For context, see the [CAIP-10][] specification.*
+
+## Rationale
+
+Waves "account" has a public key that is the same for any Waves blockchain.
+
+But Waves "address" is 26 byte array derived from public key and represented as Base58 encoded string.
+
+Waves "address" can change depending on chain ID. It prevents unintentional transfers on other Waves blockchains. Address also contains checksum, which protects against typos and copying errors of the address.
+
+## Syntax
+
+The syntax of Waves addresses:
+
+```
+caip10-like address:    namespace + ":" chainId + ":" + address
+namespace:              waves
+chain Id:               [-128..127] value. If the value is shorter than 3 characters, then must be padded with leading zeros to 3 characters
+address:                Waves address represented as Base58 encoded string
+```
+
+Waves address is byte array of `Entity type + Chain ID + Account public key hash + Checksum`, where:
+1. `Entity type` — always 1-byte integer with value `1`
+2. `Chain ID` — 1-byte integer of current blockchain ID
+3. `Account public key hash` — first 20 bytes of the result of `keccak256(publicKey)` hashing function
+4. `Checksum` — first 4 bytes of the result of `keccak256(Entity type + Chain ID + Account public key hash)` hashing function
+
+### Resolution method
+
+To derive an address from public key, make a GET HTTP request `/addresses/publicKey/{publicKey}` to the blockchain node, for example: https://nodes-testnet.wavesnodes.com/addresses/publicKey/7Y5rWP1aB1iGkDer8cS9TasAv1HpvCMZiZ2C9KLema6 \
+Thus, the node will return in response an address of the account with the public key for the current blockchain, for example:
+
+```json
+{
+    "address": "3NBNV8hiq8DTVF7UmzFLSUwud3h3pKZkVB3"
+}
+```
+
+## Test Cases
+
+```
+# Public Key:
+# 7Y5rWP1aB1iGkDer8cS9TasAv1HpvCMZiZ2C9KLema6
+
+# Waves Mainnet
+waves:087:3PPPJ62chFkr7hQu34WLPwKiywCpeSbfap7
+
+# Waves Testnet
+waves:084:3NBNV8hiq8DTVF7UmzFLSUwud3h3pKZkVB3
+
+# Waves custom network with negative Chain ID
+waves:-07:3NBNV8hiq8DTVF7UmzFLSUwud3h3pKZkVB3
+```
+
+## Links
+
+- [About addresses in Waves Documentation](https://docs.waves.tech/en/blockchain/account/address)
+
+## Copyright
+
+Copyright and related rights waived via [CC0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/).

waves/caip-19.md

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+---
+namespace-identifier: waves-caip19
+title: Waves Namespace - Assets
+author: Maxim Smolyakov (@msmolyakov), Yury Sidorov (@darksyd94)
+discussions-to:
+status: Draft
+type: Standard
+created: 2023-01-19
+---
+
+## Rationale
+
+Any account can issue its own token. The new token is immediately available.
+
+ID format of fungible and non-fungible tokens is the same.
+
+Process of issuing is also the same. The only difference is that NFTs must have specific values for certain properties.
+
+## Specification of Asset ID
+
+Asset ID is a 32 byte array encoded as Base58 string. It's usually equal to ID of the transaction that issued this asset (except when the token is issued using a dApp contract, but in this case the Asset ID format is always the same). This is true for both fungible and non-fungible tokens.
+
+## Syntax
+
+The syntax of Waves Asset ID:
+
+```
+caip10-like asset id:    namespace + ":" chainId + ":" + assetId
+namespace:               waves
+chain Id:                [-128..127] value. If the value is shorter than 3 characters, then must be padded with leading zeros to 3 characters
+assetId:                 Waves Asset ID represented as Base58 encoded string
+```
+
+## Examples
+
+```
+# Waves Mainnet
+waves:087:DG2xFkPdDwKUoBkzGAhQtLpSGzfXLiCYPEzeKH2Ad24p
+
+# Waves Testnet
+waves:084:2HAJrwa8q4SxBx9cHYaBTQdBjdk5wwqdof7ccpAx2uhZ
+
+# Waves custom network with negative Chain ID
+waves:-07:2HAJrwa8q4SxBx9cHYaBTQdBjdk5wwqdof7ccpAx2uhZ
+```
+
+## Links
+
+- [Token](https://docs.waves.tech/en/blockchain/token)
+- [Token ID](https://docs.waves.tech/en/blockchain/token/token-id)
+
+## Copyright
+
+Copyright and related rights waived via [CC0](../LICENSE).

waves/caip-2.md

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+---
+caip: 2
+title: Waves Blockchain ID Specification
+author: Maxim Smolyakov (@msmolyakov), Yury Sidorov (@darksyd94)
+discussions-to: 
+status: Draft
+type: Standard
+created: 2023-01-19
+---
+
+## Abstract
+
+In CAIP-2 a general blockchain identification scheme is defined. This is the implementation of CAIP-2 for Waves network.
+
+## Specification
+
+### Syntax
+
+Blockchains in the "waves" namespace are identified by their chain ID.
+
+Chain ID format is a signed integer in decimal representation. The signed integer is represented as a one-byte signed integer in the range [-128..127].
+
+```
+chain_id:    namespace + ":" + reference
+namespace:   waves
+reference:   integer in the range [-128..127]. If the value is shorter than 3 characters, then must be padded with leading zeros to 3 characters
+```
+
+### Resolution method
+
+There is no in-protocol resolution method at present. But there is a solution for some cases where it might be needed.
+
+To resolve a blockchain reference for the Waves namespace, make a GET HTTP request `/addresses` to the blockchain node, for example: https://nodes-testnet.wavesnodes.com/addresses \
+Thus, the node will return in response an array of its public blockchain addresses, for example:
+
+```json
+[
+  "3NA4UdyFVv7v1J6UgGe4moyHm2fambavqvm",
+  "3MvbutkV3xapQVUcGBGWCongwfdH8LKTm8w"
+]
+```
+
+Decode any of them as Base58 string and take the second byte from the resulting array, for example (in pseudocode):
+
+```java
+byte getChainId(String address) {
+    byte[] decodedAddress = decodeBase58(address);
+    return decodedAddress[1];
+}
+```
+
+This byte is the chain ID of the blockchain where this node is running.
+
+## Rationale
+
+The chain ID is specified as a one-byte signed integer.
+
+For example, chain ID of Mainnet is 87 (ASCII code of "W").
+
+There may also be other custom networks based on Waves, but with a different chain ID.
+
+Chain ID is used in [binary format](https://docs.waves.tech/en/blockchain/binary-format/) of blockchain entities:
+- [Block](https://docs.waves.tech/en/blockchain/binary-format/block-binary-format)
+- [Transaction](https://docs.waves.tech/en/blockchain/binary-format/transaction-binary-format/)
+- [Order](https://docs.waves.tech/en/blockchain/binary-format/order-binary-format)
+- [Address](https://docs.waves.tech/en/blockchain/binary-format/address-binary-format)
+- [Alias](https://docs.waves.tech/en/blockchain/binary-format/alias-binary-format)
+
+Therefore, these entities cannot be used on another network with different chain ID.
+
+## Test Cases
+
+This is a list of manually composed examples
+
+```
+# Waves Mainnet
+waves:087
+
+# Waves Testnet
+waves:084
+
+# Waves Stagenet
+waves:083
+
+# Waves custom network used in the [private node Docker image](https://hub.docker.com/r/wavesplatform/waves-private-node)
+waves:082
+
+# Waves custom network with negative Chain ID
+waves:-07:3NBNV8hiq8DTVF7UmzFLSUwud3h3pKZkVB3
+```
+
+## Links
+
+- [About Chain ID in Waves Documentation](https://docs.waves.tech/en/blockchain/blockchain-network/#chain-id)
+- [About binary format of blockchain entities](https://docs.waves.tech/en/blockchain/binary-format/)
+
+## Copyright
+
+Copyright and related rights waived via [CC0](../LICENSE).