Temporal Parser Cleanup/Fixes

[nekevss]

This PR addresses some of the issues that was causing the parser to panic when running the test suite, along with some general cleanup of the parser.

It changes the following:

• Implements FromStr for MonthDay and YearMonth (also removes the ym and dm peeks)
• Attempts to clean up the general logic in the parser and adds some utility methods to the Cursor
• Adds a large amount of invalid DateTime parsing cases to the parser tests from test262.

[github-actions]

Test262 conformance changes

Test result	main count	PR count	difference
Total	95,960	95,960	0
Passed	76,534	76,534	0
Ignored	18,477	18,477	0
Failed	949	949	0
Panics	0	0	0
Conformance	79.76%	79.76%	0.00%

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: 6 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (0f82312) 48.88% compared to head (73b6128) 48.98%.
Report is 8 commits behind head on main.

Files	Patch %	Lines
core/temporal/src/parser/time_zone.rs	86.95%	3 Missing ⚠️
core/temporal/src/parser/annotations.rs	90.47%	2 Missing ⚠️
core/temporal/src/parser/time.rs	96.42%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #3521      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   48.88%   48.98%   +0.09%     
==========================================
  Files         471      471              
  Lines       48492    48491       -1     
==========================================
+ Hits        23705    23751      +46     
+ Misses      24787    24740      -47     

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[HalidOdat]

Looks good to me! :)

Just some really small nitpicks

[jedel1043]

Nice improvements!