Allow differentiating materialized views from tables efficiently

Tools often need to list tables/relations and know whether they are
regular tables, views, or materialized views. For example, on a table
one can `SHOW CREATE TABLE` or `DROP TABLE`, but syntax for views and
materialized views is different. Before this change, to differentiate
different relations types, tools need to join
`information_schema.tables` with `system.metadata.materialized_views`.
This is effective, but not efficient:
`system.metadata.materialized_views` contains much more information. To
address the inefficiency, this commit introduces a new column to
`information_schema.tables`. To guarantee SQL spec future-compatibility,
the column is hidden and prefixed with `trino_`

core/trino-main/src/main/java/io/trino/connector/informationschema/InformationSchemaPageSource.java

@@ -277,34 +277,43 @@ private void addColumnsRecords(QualifiedTablePrefix prefix)
 
     private void addTablesRecords(QualifiedTablePrefix prefix)
     {
-        boolean needsTableType = requiredColumns.contains("table_type");
+        boolean needsTableType = requiredColumns.contains("table_type") || requiredColumns.contains("trino_relation_type");
         Set<SchemaTableName> relations;
-        Set<SchemaTableName> views;
+        Map<SchemaTableName, RelationType> relationTypes;
         if (needsTableType) {
-            Map<SchemaTableName, RelationType> relationTypes = getRelationTypes(session, metadata, accessControl, prefix);
+            relationTypes = getRelationTypes(session, metadata, accessControl, prefix);
             relations = relationTypes.keySet();
-            views = relationTypes.entrySet().stream()
-                    .filter(entry -> entry.getValue() == RelationType.VIEW)
-                    .map(Entry::getKey)
-                    .collect(toImmutableSet());
         }
         else {
             relations = listTables(session, metadata, accessControl, prefix);
-            views = Set.of();
+            relationTypes = null;
         }
-        // TODO (https://github.com/trinodb/trino/issues/8207) define a type for materialized views
 
         for (SchemaTableName name : relations) {
             String type = null;
+            String trinoRelationType = null;
             if (needsTableType) {
-                // if table and view names overlap, the view wins
-                type = views.contains(name) ? "VIEW" : "BASE TABLE";
+                switch (relationTypes.get(name)) {
+                    case TABLE -> {
+                        type = "BASE TABLE";
+                        trinoRelationType = type;
+                    }
+                    case VIEW -> {
+                        type = "VIEW";
+                        trinoRelationType = type;
+                    }
+                    case MATERIALIZED_VIEW -> {
+                        type = "BASE TABLE";
+                        trinoRelationType = "MATERIALIZED VIEW";
+                    }
+                }
             }
             addRecord(
                     prefix.getCatalogName(),
                     name.getSchemaName(),
                     name.getTableName(),
                     type,
+                    trinoRelationType,
                     null);
             if (isLimitExhausted()) {
                 return;

core/trino-main/src/main/java/io/trino/connector/informationschema/InformationSchemaTable.java

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ public enum InformationSchemaTable
             .column("table_schema", createUnboundedVarcharType())
             .column("table_name", createUnboundedVarcharType())
             .column("table_type", createUnboundedVarcharType())
+            .hiddenColumn("trino_relation_type", createUnboundedVarcharType())
             .hiddenColumn("table_comment", createUnboundedVarcharType()) // MySQL compatible
             .build()),
     VIEWS(table("views")

testing/trino-testing/src/main/java/io/trino/testing/BaseConnectorTest.java

@@ -1052,15 +1052,15 @@ public void testMaterializedView()
                 .containsAll("VALUES '" + view.getObjectName() + "'");
         // information_schema.tables without table_name filter so that ConnectorMetadata.listViews is exercised
         assertThat(query(
-                "SELECT table_name, table_type FROM information_schema.tables " +
+                "SELECT table_name, table_type, trino_relation_type FROM information_schema.tables " +
                         "WHERE table_schema = '" + view.getSchemaName() + "'"))
                 .skippingTypesCheck()
-                .containsAll("VALUES ('" + view.getObjectName() + "', 'BASE TABLE')");
+                .containsAll("VALUES ('" + view.getObjectName() + "', 'BASE TABLE', 'MATERIALIZED VIEW')");
         // information_schema.tables with table_name filter
         assertQuery(
-                "SELECT table_name, table_type FROM information_schema.tables " +
+                "SELECT table_name, table_type, trino_relation_type FROM information_schema.tables " +
                         "WHERE table_schema = '" + view.getSchemaName() + "' and table_name = '" + view.getObjectName() + "'",
-                "VALUES ('" + view.getObjectName() + "', 'BASE TABLE')");
+                "VALUES ('" + view.getObjectName() + "', 'BASE TABLE', 'MATERIALIZED VIEW')");
 
         // system.jdbc.tables without filter
         assertThat(query("SELECT table_schem, table_name, table_type FROM system.jdbc.tables"))