feat(region-info): Model AWS region information

Allows accessing region-specific information such as the name of the
partition the region is in, service principals used in-region, and other
static information that is useful when building infrastructure.

packages/@aws-cdk/region-info/.gitignore

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+
+dist
+tsconfig.json
+.LAST_PACKAGE
+.LAST_BUILD
+.jsii
+*.d.ts
+*.js
+*.snk
+
+.nyc_output
+coverage
+.nycrc

packages/@aws-cdk/region-info/.npmignore

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+
+dist
+.LAST_PACKAGE
+.LAST_BUILD
+*.snk
+*.ts
+!*.d.ts
+!*.js
+coverage
+.nyc_output
+*.tgz

packages/@aws-cdk/region-info/LICENSE

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packages/@aws-cdk/region-info/NOTICE

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+AWS Cloud Development Kit (AWS CDK)
+Copyright 2018-2019 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

packages/@aws-cdk/region-info/README.md

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+## AWS region information, such as service principal names
+### Usage
+Information pertaining to an AWS Region can be obtained using the `RegionInfo`
+class:
+
+```ts
+const dublin = RegionInfo.forRegion('eu-west-1');
+```
+
+### User-supplied region information
+The library comes pre-loaded with information about all publicly available AWS
+regions as of the release date of a particular version. It is possible this
+information is incomplete (or possibly incorrect). A user can provide their own
+region information by placing data in a JSON document at
+`~/.cdk/region-info.json`. The location of the file can be customized either by
+setting the `CDK_REGION_INFO_PATH` environment variable, or by setting the
+`RegionInfo.userDataPath` property.
+
+The file must contain a single region information object, or an array of region
+information objects, which must conform to the JSON-Schema found in this
+package's `schema/region-info.schema.json` file, for example:
+
+```json
+[
+  {
+    // Obviously not a "real" region:
+    "name": "bermuda-triangle-42",
+    "partition": "aws-phony",
+    "s3WebsiteEndpoint": "s3-website.bermuda-triangle-42.amazonawstest.com",
+    "servicePrincipals": {
+      "codedeploy": "codedeploy.bermuda-triangle-42.amazonawstest.com",
+      "s3": "s3.amazonawstest.com",
+      "sqs": "sqs.amazonaws.com"
+    }
+  }
+]
+```
+
+User-supplied region information has a higher precedence than built-in
+information, so any region specified in the user data file will effectively
+replace any built-in data (this helps guarantee stability of the results of the
+call when upgrading this library).
+
+---
+
+This module is part of the [AWS Cloud Development Kit](https://github.com/awslabs/aws-cdk) project.

packages/@aws-cdk/region-info/build-tools/generate-static-data.ts

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+import fs = require('fs-extra');
+import path = require('path');
+import facts = require('./static-data-facts');
+
+async function main(): Promise<void> {
+  const lines = [
+    "import { IRegionInfo } from './iregion-info';",
+    '',
+    '// This code is generated when running `npm run build`.',
+    '// Do NOT edit manually, but check in any change, so they are reviewed.',
+    '',
+    '// tslint:disable:object-literal-key-quotes -- This is generated code',
+    'const staticData: { [region: string]: IRegionInfo } = {'
+  ];
+  const promisedInfo = facts.AwsRegionNames.map(name => new facts.PromisedRegionInfo(name)).sort((l, r) => l.name.localeCompare(r.name));
+  for (const info of await Promise.all(promisedInfo.map(p => p.resolve()))) {
+    lines.push(...`${JSON.stringify(info.name)}: ${JSON.stringify(info, null, 2)},`.split('\n').map(l => `  ${l}`));
+  }
+  lines.push('};', '', 'export = staticData;');
+  await fs.writeFile(path.resolve(__dirname, '..', 'lib', 'static.generated.ts'), lines.join('\n'));
+}
+
+main().catch(e => {
+  // tslint:disable-next-line: no-console
+  console.error(e);
+  process.exit(-1);
+});

packages/@aws-cdk/region-info/build-tools/pre-build.sh

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+#!/bin/bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+echo "⏳ Compiling static data generator..."
+tsc                                     \
+  --alwaysStrict                        \
+  --lib ES2017                          \
+  --module CommonJS                     \
+  --noFallthroughCasesInSwitch          \
+  --noImplicitAny                       \
+  --noImplicitReturns                   \
+  --noImplicitThis                      \
+  --noUnusedLocals                      \
+  --noUnusedParameters                  \
+  --resolveJsonModule                   \
+  --strict                              \
+  --strictNullChecks                    \
+  --target ES2018                       \
+  build-tools/*.ts
+
+echo "⌛️ Generating the static data..."
+node build-tools/generate-static-data.js
+
+echo "⏳ Generating JSON schema for RegionInfo..."
+typescript-json-schema                  \
+  lib/user-data.ts                      \
+  'IUserSuppliedRegionInfo'             \
+  --out schema/region-info.schema.json  \
+  --refs              true              \
+  --required          true              \
+  --strictNullChecks  true              \
+  --topRef            true
+
+echo "🍻 Pre-Build Complete!"

packages/@aws-cdk/region-info/build-tools/static-data-facts/index.ts

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+export * from './promised-region-info';
+
+/** The names of all (known) AWS regions */
+export const AwsRegionNames = [
+  'us-east-2',
+  'us-east-1',
+  'us-west-1',
+  'us-west-2',
+  'ap-south-1',
+  'ap-northeast-3',
+  'ap-northeast-2',
+  'ap-southeast-1',
+  'ap-southeast-2',
+  'ap-northeast-1',
+  'ca-central-1',
+  'cn-north-1',
+  'cn-northwest-1',
+  'eu-central-1',
+  'eu-west-1',
+  'eu-west-2',
+  'eu-west-3',
+  'eu-north-1',
+  'sa-east-1',
+];
+
+/** Possibly non-exaustive list of all service names, used to locate service principals */
+export const AwsServiceNames = [
+  'application-autoscaling',
+  'autoscaling',
+  'codedeploy',
+  'ec2',
+  'events',
+  'lambda',
+  'logs',
+  's3',
+  'sns',
+  'sqs',
+  'states',
+];