Enable pycodestyle rules under new "nursery" category

[charliermarsh]

Summary

This PR introduces a "nursery" category, following Clippy's convention, for rules that are under development, but that users can opt into explicitly.

In our case, if a rule is part of RuleGroup::Nursery, then it can't be selected via any of the prefix selectors (e.g., --select E doesn't enable E225, but --select E225 does).

I'm not very happy with the implementation, but our current approach using proc macros makes this hard to do elegantly, in my opinion. The challenge is that we need access to the RuleGroup from within the proc macro (crates/ruff_macros/src/map_codes.rs), because we need to avoid adding any nursery rules to the statically-generated prefix selectors; but in that proc macro, we only have access to syntactic Path data, and not the structs themselves, so we end up with some brittle string matching.

Closes #4360.

[github-actions]

PR Check Results

Ecosystem

✅ ecosystem check detected no changes.

Benchmark

Linux

group                                      main                                   pr
-----                                      ----                                   --
linter/all-rules/large/dataset.py          1.05     15.6±0.02ms     2.6 MB/sec    1.00     14.9±0.04ms     2.7 MB/sec
linter/all-rules/numpy/ctypeslib.py        1.04      3.8±0.00ms     4.4 MB/sec    1.00      3.7±0.00ms     4.5 MB/sec
linter/all-rules/numpy/globals.py          1.06    395.4±1.35µs     7.5 MB/sec    1.00    374.3±0.89µs     7.9 MB/sec
linter/all-rules/pydantic/types.py         1.05      6.6±0.01ms     3.9 MB/sec    1.00      6.3±0.03ms     4.1 MB/sec
linter/default-rules/large/dataset.py      1.07      8.0±0.01ms     5.1 MB/sec    1.00      7.5±0.01ms     5.5 MB/sec
linter/default-rules/numpy/ctypeslib.py    1.10   1728.9±5.72µs     9.6 MB/sec    1.00   1565.1±6.71µs    10.6 MB/sec
linter/default-rules/numpy/globals.py      1.08    182.0±0.52µs    16.2 MB/sec    1.00    169.1±2.53µs    17.5 MB/sec
linter/default-rules/pydantic/types.py     1.08      3.6±0.00ms     7.0 MB/sec    1.00      3.4±0.01ms     7.6 MB/sec
parser/large/dataset.py                    1.00      5.9±0.01ms     6.9 MB/sec    1.00      5.9±0.01ms     6.9 MB/sec
parser/numpy/ctypeslib.py                  1.00   1152.8±1.01µs    14.4 MB/sec    1.01   1159.8±1.86µs    14.4 MB/sec
parser/numpy/globals.py                    1.00    119.6±0.92µs    24.7 MB/sec    1.00    119.6±0.27µs    24.7 MB/sec
parser/pydantic/types.py                   1.00      2.5±0.01ms    10.2 MB/sec    1.00      2.5±0.00ms    10.2 MB/sec

Windows

group                                      main                                   pr
-----                                      ----                                   --
linter/all-rules/large/dataset.py          1.01     23.1±1.28ms  1807.3 KB/sec    1.00     22.7±0.66ms  1834.3 KB/sec
linter/all-rules/numpy/ctypeslib.py        1.03      5.9±0.26ms     2.8 MB/sec    1.00      5.8±0.23ms     2.9 MB/sec
linter/all-rules/numpy/globals.py          1.00   693.7±58.18µs     4.3 MB/sec    1.00   695.3±36.64µs     4.2 MB/sec
linter/all-rules/pydantic/types.py         1.02      9.7±0.37ms     2.6 MB/sec    1.00      9.6±0.24ms     2.7 MB/sec
linter/default-rules/large/dataset.py      1.03     11.8±0.41ms     3.5 MB/sec    1.00     11.4±0.39ms     3.6 MB/sec
linter/default-rules/numpy/ctypeslib.py    1.06      2.5±0.09ms     6.7 MB/sec    1.00      2.4±0.11ms     7.1 MB/sec
linter/default-rules/numpy/globals.py      1.03   295.9±13.63µs    10.0 MB/sec    1.00   286.3±18.19µs    10.3 MB/sec
linter/default-rules/pydantic/types.py     1.08      5.4±0.26ms     4.7 MB/sec    1.00      5.0±0.21ms     5.1 MB/sec
parser/large/dataset.py                    1.00      9.4±0.45ms     4.3 MB/sec    1.00      9.4±0.61ms     4.3 MB/sec
parser/numpy/ctypeslib.py                  1.00  1719.1±93.10µs     9.7 MB/sec    1.01  1740.5±64.16µs     9.6 MB/sec
parser/numpy/globals.py                    1.00   171.9±10.55µs    17.2 MB/sec    1.05    180.2±8.90µs    16.4 MB/sec
parser/pydantic/types.py                   1.00      3.7±0.12ms     6.9 MB/sec    1.04      3.8±0.13ms     6.6 MB/sec

[MichaReiser]

Does this implementation exclude the nursery rules from --ALL selector?

[charliermarsh]

Yeah -- those are the changes in crates/ruff/src/rule_selector.rs.