[pylint] Implement invalid-bool-return-type (E304) (#10377)

## Summary

Implement `E304` in the issue #970. Throws an error when the returning value
of `__bool__` method is not boolean.

Reference: https://pylint.readthedocs.io/en/stable/user_guide/messages/error/invalid-bool-returned.html

## Test Plan

Add test cases and run `cargo test`

crates/ruff_linter/resources/test/fixtures/pylint/invalid_return_type_bool.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# These testcases should raise errors
+
+class Float:
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return 3.05  # [invalid-bool-return]
+
+class Int:
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return 0  # [invalid-bool-return]
+
+
+class Str:
+    def __bool__(self):
+        x = "ruff"
+        return x  # [invalid-bool-return]
+
+# TODO: Once Ruff has better type checking
+def return_int():
+    return 3
+
+class ComplexReturn:
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return return_int()  # [invalid-bool-return]
+
+
+
+# These testcases should NOT raise errors
+
+class Bool:
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return True
+
+
+class Bool2:
+    def __bool__(self):
+        x = True
+        return x

crates/ruff_linter/src/checkers/ast/analyze/statement.rs

@@ -91,6 +91,9 @@ pub(crate) fn statement(stmt: &Stmt, checker: &mut Checker) {
                     checker.diagnostics.push(diagnostic);
                 }
             }
+            if checker.enabled(Rule::InvalidBoolReturnType) {
+                pylint::rules::invalid_bool_return(checker, name, body);
+            }
             if checker.enabled(Rule::InvalidStrReturnType) {
                 pylint::rules::invalid_str_return(checker, name, body);
             }

crates/ruff_linter/src/codes.rs

@@ -240,6 +240,7 @@ pub fn code_to_rule(linter: Linter, code: &str) -> Option<(RuleGroup, Rule)> {
         (Pylint, "E0237") => (RuleGroup::Stable, rules::pylint::rules::NonSlotAssignment),
         (Pylint, "E0241") => (RuleGroup::Stable, rules::pylint::rules::DuplicateBases),
         (Pylint, "E0302") => (RuleGroup::Stable, rules::pylint::rules::UnexpectedSpecialMethodSignature),
+        (Pylint, "E0304") => (RuleGroup::Preview, rules::pylint::rules::InvalidBoolReturnType),
         (Pylint, "E0307") => (RuleGroup::Stable, rules::pylint::rules::InvalidStrReturnType),
         (Pylint, "E0604") => (RuleGroup::Stable, rules::pylint::rules::InvalidAllObject),
         (Pylint, "E0605") => (RuleGroup::Stable, rules::pylint::rules::InvalidAllFormat),

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/pylint/mod.rs

@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test_case(Rule::ImportSelf, Path::new("import_self/module.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::InvalidAllFormat, Path::new("invalid_all_format.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::InvalidAllObject, Path::new("invalid_all_object.py"))]
+    #[test_case(Rule::InvalidBoolReturnType, Path::new("invalid_return_type_bool.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::InvalidStrReturnType, Path::new("invalid_return_type_str.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::DuplicateBases, Path::new("duplicate_bases.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::InvalidCharacterBackspace, Path::new("invalid_characters.py"))]

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/pylint/rules/invalid_bool_return.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+use ruff_diagnostics::{Diagnostic, Violation};
+use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
+use ruff_python_ast::helpers::ReturnStatementVisitor;
+use ruff_python_ast::visitor::Visitor;
+use ruff_python_ast::Stmt;
+use ruff_python_semantic::analyze::type_inference::{NumberLike, PythonType, ResolvedPythonType};
+use ruff_text_size::Ranged;
+
+use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
+
+/// ## What it does
+/// Checks for `__bool__` implementations that return a type other than `bool`.
+///
+/// ## Why is this bad?
+/// The `__bool__` method should return a `bool` object. Returning a different
+/// type may cause unexpected behavior.
+///
+/// ## Example
+/// ```python
+/// class Foo:
+///     def __bool__(self):
+///         return 2
+/// ```
+///
+/// Use instead:
+/// ```python
+/// class Foo:
+///     def __bool__(self):
+///         return True
+/// ```
+///
+/// ## References
+/// - [Python documentation: The `__bool__` method](https://docs.python.org/3/reference/datamodel.html#object.__bool__)
+#[violation]
+pub struct InvalidBoolReturnType;
+
+impl Violation for InvalidBoolReturnType {
+    #[derive_message_formats]
+    fn message(&self) -> String {
+        format!("`__bool__` does not return `bool`")
+    }
+}
+
+/// E0307
+pub(crate) fn invalid_bool_return(checker: &mut Checker, name: &str, body: &[Stmt]) {
+    if name != "__bool__" {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if !checker.semantic().current_scope().kind.is_class() {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let returns = {
+        let mut visitor = ReturnStatementVisitor::default();
+        visitor.visit_body(body);
+        visitor.returns
+    };
+
+    for stmt in returns {
+        if let Some(value) = stmt.value.as_deref() {
+            if !matches!(
+                ResolvedPythonType::from(value),
+                ResolvedPythonType::Unknown
+                    | ResolvedPythonType::Atom(PythonType::Number(NumberLike::Bool))
+            ) {
+                checker
+                    .diagnostics
+                    .push(Diagnostic::new(InvalidBoolReturnType, value.range()));
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Disallow implicit `None`.
+            checker
+                .diagnostics
+                .push(Diagnostic::new(InvalidBoolReturnType, stmt.range()));
+        }
+    }
+}

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/pylint/rules/mod.rs

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ pub(crate) use import_private_name::*;
 pub(crate) use import_self::*;
 pub(crate) use invalid_all_format::*;
 pub(crate) use invalid_all_object::*;
+pub(crate) use invalid_bool_return::*;
 pub(crate) use invalid_envvar_default::*;
 pub(crate) use invalid_envvar_value::*;
 pub(crate) use invalid_str_return::*;
@@ -113,6 +114,7 @@ mod import_private_name;
 mod import_self;
 mod invalid_all_format;
 mod invalid_all_object;
+mod invalid_bool_return;
 mod invalid_envvar_default;
 mod invalid_envvar_value;
 mod invalid_str_return;

crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/pylint/snapshots/ruff_linter__rules__pylint__tests__PLE0304_invalid_return_type_bool.py.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+---
+source: crates/ruff_linter/src/rules/pylint/mod.rs
+---
+invalid_return_type_bool.py:5:16: PLE0304 `__bool__` does not return `bool`
+  |
+3 | class Float:
+4 |     def __bool__(self):
+5 |         return 3.05  # [invalid-bool-return]
+  |                ^^^^ PLE0304
+6 | 
+7 | class Int:
+  |
+
+invalid_return_type_bool.py:9:16: PLE0304 `__bool__` does not return `bool`
+  |
+7 | class Int:
+8 |     def __bool__(self):
+9 |         return 0  # [invalid-bool-return]
+  |                ^ PLE0304
+  |