feat: handle chart/data API errors

[etr2460]

SUMMARY

Thanks to @betodealmeida's work in #13960, it was pretty trivial to get the new chart data API returning the SIP-40 style error payloads. This PR also refactors the SupersetErrorException a bit to support passing in a SupersetError, naming help for the other exception type would be much appreciated.

TEST PLAN

New unit test, verify that the same error messages are returned when accessing data in a nvd3 line chart and the new table chart and pie chart.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

• Has associated issue:
• Changes UI
• Includes DB Migration (follow approval process in SIP-59)
  • Migration is atomic, supports rollback & is backwards-compatible
  • Confirm DB migration upgrade and downgrade tested
  • Runtime estimates and downtime expectations provided
• Introduces new feature or API
• Removes existing feature or API

to: @betodealmeida @john-bodley @ktmud @graceguo-supercat

[betodealmeida]

Nice! Good catch on SupersetErrorException, I missed the fact that it didn't take an error... it's much better to have it aligned with SupersetErrorsException.

[betodealmeida]

Happy that my PR helped!

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #14040 (c949851) into master (667eb83) will decrease coverage by 1.21%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

❗ Current head c949851 differs from pull request most recent head 6d6d874. Consider uploading reports for the commit 6d6d874 to get more accurate results

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master   #14040      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   79.40%   78.18%   -1.22%     
==========================================
  Files         938      938              
  Lines       47541    47533       -8     
  Branches     5940     5940              
==========================================
- Hits        37749    37163     -586     
- Misses       9666    10230     +564     
- Partials      126      140      +14     

Flag	Coverage Δ
cypress	51.22% <ø> (-4.84%)	⬇️
hive	80.50% <100.00%> (+0.01%)	⬆️
mysql	?
postgres	?
presto	?
python	80.50% <100.00%> (-0.85%)	⬇️
sqlite	?

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
superset/charts/api.py	81.81% <100.00%> (+0.51%)	⬆️
superset/exceptions.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...ponents/Select/WindowedSelect/WindowedMenuList.tsx	10.71% <0.00%> (-85.72%)	⬇️
...nd/src/filters/components/Select/transformProps.ts	0.00% <0.00%> (-81.82%)	⬇️
...c/filters/components/Select/SelectFilterPlugin.tsx	0.00% <0.00%> (-80.96%)	⬇️
...ontend/src/filters/components/Select/buildQuery.ts	0.00% <0.00%> (-77.78%)	⬇️
superset-frontend/src/filters/components/common.ts	0.00% <0.00%> (-66.67%)	⬇️
superset-frontend/src/dataMask/reducer.ts	44.00% <0.00%> (-56.00%)	⬇️
superset/sql_validators/postgres.py	50.00% <0.00%> (-50.00%)	⬇️
superset-frontend/src/dataMask/actions.ts	33.33% <0.00%> (-46.67%)	⬇️
... and 62 more

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