ARROW-17482: [Go] Remove ValueDescr types

[zeroshade]

No description provided.

[github-actions]

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-17482

[ursabot]

Benchmark runs are scheduled for baseline = 258173d and contender = 5f66708. 5f66708 is a master commit associated with this PR. Results will be available as each benchmark for each run completes.
Conbench compare runs links:
[Finished ⬇️0.0% ⬆️0.0%] ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Failed ⬇️0.41% ⬆️0.0%] test-mac-arm
[Failed ⬇️0.0% ⬆️0.0%] ursa-i9-9960x
[Finished ⬇️0.39% ⬆️0.0%] ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
Buildkite builds:
[Finished] 5f667089 ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Finished] 5f667089 test-mac-arm
[Failed] 5f667089 ursa-i9-9960x
[Finished] 5f667089 ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
[Finished] 258173da ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Failed] 258173da test-mac-arm
[Failed] 258173da ursa-i9-9960x
[Finished] 258173da ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
Supported benchmarks:
ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2: Supported benchmark langs: Python, R. Runs only benchmarks with cloud = True
test-mac-arm: Supported benchmark langs: C++, Python, R
ursa-i9-9960x: Supported benchmark langs: Python, R, JavaScript
ursa-thinkcentre-m75q: Supported benchmark langs: C++, Java